CA2297839A1 - In situ short-circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells - Google Patents

In situ short-circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CA2297839A1
CA2297839A1 CA 2297839 CA2297839A CA2297839A1 CA 2297839 A1 CA2297839 A1 CA 2297839A1 CA 2297839 CA2297839 CA 2297839 CA 2297839 A CA2297839 A CA 2297839A CA 2297839 A1 CA2297839 A1 CA 2297839A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
particular cell
cell
short
approximately
cells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA 2297839
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2297839C (en
Inventor
Michel Gauthier
Michael K. Domroese
Joseph A. Hoffman
David D. Lindeman
Joseph-Robert-Gaetan Noel
Vern E. Radewald
Jean Rouillard
Roger Rouillard
Toshimi Shiota
Jennifer L. Trice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bathium Canada Inc
3M Co
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2297839A1 publication Critical patent/CA2297839A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2297839C publication Critical patent/CA2297839C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An in situ thermal management system for an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage cells each being coupled in parallel to common positive and negative connections. Each of the energy storage cells, in accordance with the cell's technology, dimensions, and thermal/electrical properties, is configured to have a ratio of energy contentto-contact surface area such that thermal energy produced by a short-circuit in a particular cell is conducted to a cell adjacent the particular cell so as to prevent the temperature of the particular cell from exceeding a breakdown temperature. In one embodiment, a fuse is coupled in series with each of a number of energy storage cells. The fuses are activated by a current spike capacitively produced by a cell upon occurrence of a short-circuit in the cell, thereby electrically isolating the short-circuited cell from the common positive and negative connections.

Claims (21)

1. An in-situ thermal management system for an energy storing unit, comprising:
a plurality of energy storing cells connected in parallel to common positive and negative connections; and a plurality of short-circuit protection devices each being coupled in series to one of the plurality of energy storing cells a particular short-circuit protection device of the plurality of short-circuit protection devices coupled to a particular cell of the plurality of cells being activated by a current spike capacitively produced upon occurrence of a short-circuit in the particular cell, the particular cell being electrically isolated from the common positive and negative connections upon activation of the particular short-circuit device.
2. A system according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage cells are thin-film electrochemical cells optionally maintained in a state of compression.
3. A system according to claim 2, wherein each of the electrochemical cells has a ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area such that thermal energy produced by a short-circuit in the particular cell of the plurality of cells is conducts to a cell adjacent the particular cell so as to prevent a temperature of the particular cell from exceeding a breakdown temperature.
4. A system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the short-circuit protection devices are fuses.
5. A system according to claim 4, wherein the fuses are activated by a current spike having an amperage ranging between approximately 300 A and 600 A.
6. A system according to claim 4, wherein the fuses have a current rating of approximately 50 A.
7. A system according to claim 4, wherein the fuses are fabricated as an integrated package.
8. A system according to claim 4, wherein the breakdown temperature represents a melting temperature of the particular cell.
9. A system according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area is less than approximately 0.006 Wh/cm2.
10. A system according to claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of electrochemical cells has a prismatic configuration.
11. A system according to claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of electrochemical cells has a surface area rapping between approximately 100 cm2 and 400 cm2 and an energy content ranging between approximately 10 Wh and 40 Wh.
12. A system according to claim 2, wherein:
the electrochemical cells are arranged such that a planar surface of a particular cell of the plurality of cells is in thermal contact with a planar surface of a cell disposed adjacent the particular cell; and the planar surfaces of the particular cell and the adjacent cell each have a ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area such that thermal energy produced by a short-circuit condition arising in the particular cell is conducted to the adjacent cell so as to prevent a temperature of the particular cell from exceeding the breakdown temperature.
13. A system according to claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of electrochemical cells comprises lithium, and the breakdown temperature represents a melting temperature of lithium.
14. A system according to claim 12, wherein the planar surfaces of the particular and adjacent cells each have a ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area such that thermal energy produced by the short-circuit condition occurring in the particular cell is conducted to the adjacent cell so as to prevent a temperature of the particular cell from exceeding a safety temperature, the safety temperature being lower than the breakdown temperature.
15. A system according to claim 14, wherein the safety temperature is 130°C.
16. A system according to claim 12, wherein the ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area is less than approximately 0.006 Wh/cm2.
17. A system according to claim 12, wherein the ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area ranges between approximately 0.0034 Wh/cm2 and 0.0038 Wh/cm2.
18. A system according to claim 12. wherein each of the plurality of electrochemical cells has a prismatic configuration.
19. A system according to claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of electrochemical cells bas a surface area ranging between approximately 100 cm2 and 400 cm2.
20. A system according to claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of electrochemical cells has an energy convent ranging between approximately 10 Wh and 40 Wh.
21. A system according to claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of electrochemical cells has a thickness that varies between approximately 3 mm to 10 mm, and the ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area is less thin approximately 0.006 Wh/cm2.
CA 2297839 1997-07-25 1998-07-23 In situ short-circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells Expired - Lifetime CA2297839C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/900,929 US6099986A (en) 1997-07-25 1997-07-25 In-situ short circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells
US08/900,929 1997-07-25
PCT/US1998/015299 WO1999005747A1 (en) 1997-07-25 1998-07-23 In situ short-circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2297839A1 true CA2297839A1 (en) 1999-02-04
CA2297839C CA2297839C (en) 2010-01-12

Family

ID=25413313

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA 2297839 Expired - Lifetime CA2297839C (en) 1997-07-25 1998-07-23 In situ short-circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US6099986A (en)
EP (1) EP1021850A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4267812B2 (en)
AU (1) AU8510998A (en)
CA (1) CA2297839C (en)
WO (1) WO1999005747A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6099986A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-08-08 3M Innovative Properties Company In-situ short circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells
JP4854112B2 (en) * 1998-05-20 2012-01-18 株式会社Ｋｒｉ Lithium ion battery and control method thereof
JP3497380B2 (en) * 1998-06-02 2004-02-16 日本碍子株式会社 Lithium secondary battery
US6291972B1 (en) * 1999-02-17 2001-09-18 Chaojiong Zhang System for battery formation, charging, discharging, and equalization
US6821671B2 (en) * 2002-03-01 2004-11-23 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method and apparatus for cooling and positioning prismatic battery cells
KR100880388B1 (en) * 2005-04-20 2009-01-23 주식회사 엘지화학 Housing Member For Battery Module
DE102005042169B4 (en) * 2005-09-06 2014-04-03 Dilo Trading Ag Using an array of lithium polymer batteries
KR101029021B1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2011-04-14 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery Module of High Cooling Efficiency
US8628872B2 (en) * 2008-01-18 2014-01-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly and method for assembling the battery cell assembly
JP2009199825A (en) * 2008-02-20 2009-09-03 Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd Device with electrode group
US7883793B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2011-02-08 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module having battery cell assemblies with alignment-coupling features
US8486552B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2013-07-16 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module having cooling manifold with ported screws and method for cooling the battery module
US8426050B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2013-04-23 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module having cooling manifold and method for cooling battery module
DE112009002351T5 (en) 2008-09-30 2012-01-26 Magna E-Car Systems Gmbh & Co Og Energy storage unit
US8153290B2 (en) 2008-10-28 2012-04-10 Tesla Motors, Inc. Heat dissipation for large battery packs
US20100248010A1 (en) 2009-01-12 2010-09-30 A123 Systems, Inc. Bi-metallic busbar jumpers for battery systems
US9337456B2 (en) * 2009-04-20 2016-05-10 Lg Chem, Ltd. Frame member, frame assembly and battery cell assembly made therefrom and methods of making the same
US8663828B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-03-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery systems, battery module, and method for cooling the battery module
US8663829B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-03-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery systems, battery modules, and method for cooling a battery module
US8852778B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-10-07 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery systems, battery modules, and method for cooling a battery module
US9954215B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2018-04-24 A123 Systems, LLC Battery with integrated power management system and scalable battery cutoff
US9147916B2 (en) 2010-04-17 2015-09-29 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assemblies
WO2011151981A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 パナソニック株式会社 Battery module
JP5972872B2 (en) * 2010-07-22 2016-08-17 バシウム・カナダ・インコーポレーテッド Current collector terminal for electrochemical cell
US8133287B2 (en) 2010-08-04 2012-03-13 Tesla Motors, Inc. Method of controlled cell-level fusing within a battery pack
US8133608B2 (en) 2010-08-04 2012-03-13 Tesla Motors, Inc. Battery pack with cell-level fusing
US8932739B2 (en) 2010-08-04 2015-01-13 Tesla Motors, Inc. Battery pack configuration to reduce hazards associated with internal short circuits
US8469404B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2013-06-25 Lg Chem, Ltd. Connecting assembly
US8920956B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2014-12-30 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system and manifold assembly having a manifold member and a connecting fitting
US8758922B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2014-06-24 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system and manifold assembly with two manifold members removably coupled together
US8353315B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2013-01-15 Lg Chem, Ltd. End cap
US9005799B2 (en) 2010-08-25 2015-04-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and methods for bonding cell terminals of battery cells together
US8662153B2 (en) 2010-10-04 2014-03-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly, heat exchanger, and method for manufacturing the heat exchanger
US9065096B2 (en) 2011-02-24 2015-06-23 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Fuel cell stack
JP2012182890A (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-20 Sharp Corp Protective device for secondary battery, secondary battery device, and secondary battery
US8649140B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2014-02-11 Electrochem Solutions, Inc. Voltage activated 2nd level safety circuit for permanent isolation
US8288031B1 (en) 2011-03-28 2012-10-16 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery disconnect unit and method of assembling the battery disconnect unit
US9178192B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2015-11-03 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and method for manufacturing the battery module
US9496544B2 (en) 2011-07-28 2016-11-15 Lg Chem. Ltd. Battery modules having interconnect members with vibration dampening portions
TWI462373B (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-11-21 Energy Control Ltd Secure battery pack formed by a plurality of secondary batteries
GB2504116A (en) * 2012-07-19 2014-01-22 Energy Control Ltd Secondary Battery Pack
TWI449244B (en) * 2012-08-22 2014-08-11 Energy Control Ltd Battery pack formed by connecting two secondary batteries with two fuses in parallel
US9287726B2 (en) * 2013-11-06 2016-03-15 The Boeing Company Virtual cell for battery thermal management
CN104466068B (en) * 2014-10-27 2017-02-15 深圳市快车道新能源发展有限公司 Method for connecting storage battery combined system
JP6288057B2 (en) * 2015-12-02 2018-03-07 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Stacked all-solid battery
US9991699B2 (en) 2016-05-02 2018-06-05 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Enablement of device power-on with proper assembly
JP7056142B2 (en) * 2017-12-25 2022-04-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Battery module
JP7215270B2 (en) * 2019-03-22 2023-01-31 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Case manufacturing method

Family Cites Families (169)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE543735A (en) * 1952-03-07 1900-01-01
US3390014A (en) * 1960-05-11 1968-06-25 Eisler Paul Secondary electric batteries having plurality of thin flexible intermediate bipolar plates
US3193412A (en) * 1962-02-20 1965-07-06 Electric Storage Battery Co Electric battery
FR1586636A (en) * 1968-02-29 1970-02-27
US3630783A (en) * 1970-05-11 1971-12-28 Mallory Battery Canada Heat-shrinkable packaging for batteries
JPS5218891B1 (en) * 1971-03-19 1977-05-25
FR2193242B1 (en) * 1972-07-13 1977-05-13 Siemens Ag
FI49090C (en) * 1972-11-10 1975-03-10 Pentti Juuse Tamminen Galvanic stacking battery.
US3793501A (en) * 1972-12-04 1974-02-19 Ici America Inc Explosive switch
US3899355A (en) * 1974-02-14 1975-08-12 Polaroid Corp Battery assembly
US4152825A (en) * 1974-06-10 1979-05-08 Polaroid Corporation Method of making a flat battery
US4105815A (en) * 1974-08-08 1978-08-08 Polaroid Corporation Flat battery with electrodes in slurry form
US4028479A (en) * 1974-12-26 1977-06-07 Polaroid Corporation Flat battery
US3937635A (en) * 1975-01-09 1976-02-10 Wilson Greatbatch Lithium-iodine battery
US4105807A (en) * 1975-07-28 1978-08-08 Unican Electrochemical Products Ltd. Production of thin, stable, solid electrolyte films of high ionic conductivity
US4060669A (en) * 1975-09-10 1977-11-29 Polaroid Corporation Flat battery
ES450123A1 (en) 1976-07-24 1977-12-16 Celaya Emparaza Y Galdos S A Electric batteries
US4098965A (en) * 1977-01-24 1978-07-04 Polaroid Corporation Flat batteries and method of making the same
US4150266A (en) * 1977-01-27 1979-04-17 Networks Electronic Corp. Miniature pyrotechnic squib switch, single pole, normally open
US4091186A (en) * 1977-11-07 1978-05-23 Esb Incorporated Dry cell battery having electrical spring contact adhered to terminal
US4209479A (en) * 1977-11-25 1980-06-24 P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. Means for improving manufacture of solid state cells
US4207389A (en) * 1977-11-25 1980-06-10 P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. Solid state cells
US4303877A (en) * 1978-05-05 1981-12-01 Brown, Boveri & Cie Aktiengesellschaft Circuit for protecting storage cells
US4322484A (en) * 1978-09-05 1982-03-30 General Electric Company Spiral wound electrochemical cell having high capacity
NL7809298A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-17 Electrochem Energieconversie METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL OR BATTERY.
DE2849326A1 (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-29 Deutsche Automobilgesellsch DISASSEMBLABLE, GAS-TIGHT AND PRESSURE-RESISTANT ELECTRICITY
US4238721A (en) * 1979-02-06 1980-12-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy System and method for charging electrochemical cells in series
US4342978A (en) * 1979-03-19 1982-08-03 S&C Electric Company Explosively-actuated switch and current limiting, high voltage fuse using same
DE3011643A1 (en) * 1980-03-26 1981-10-01 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt ELECTROLYSIS CELL
US4383013A (en) * 1980-07-23 1983-05-10 Chloride Silent Power Limited High temperature multicell electrochemical storage batteries
US4490707A (en) * 1980-08-18 1984-12-25 S&C Electric Company Explosively-actuated, multi-gap high voltage switch
JPS5743526A (en) * 1980-08-27 1982-03-11 Seiko Instr & Electronics Charge control circuit
US4370531A (en) * 1980-09-19 1983-01-25 S&C Electric Company Electric switch and improved device using same
FI65688C (en) * 1981-04-27 1984-06-11 Sporax Oy CONTACT CONTROL FOR BATTERIES I ETT GALVANISKT BATTERI
JPS5873968A (en) 1981-08-13 1983-05-04 モ−リ・エネルギ−・リミテツド Electrode unit, battery cell and method of improving inversion thereof
US4664993A (en) * 1981-08-24 1987-05-12 Polaroid Corporation Laminar batteries and methods of making the same
US4436792A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-03-13 Nippon Kogaku K.K. Container device for planar battery
US4429026A (en) * 1982-01-20 1984-01-31 Polaroid Corporation Laminar multicell lithium batteries
US4961043A (en) * 1988-03-15 1990-10-02 Norand Corporation Battery conditioning system having communication with battery parameter memory means in conjunction with battery conditioning
CA1173900A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-09-04 Hydro-Quebec Composite and flexible anodes for non aqueous lithium cells
US4571468A (en) * 1982-07-16 1986-02-18 University Of Texas System Inductive store opening switch
US4479083B1 (en) * 1982-09-30 1998-09-01 Vanner Weldon Inc DC power system having battery voltage equalizer circuit
JPS5973864A (en) * 1982-10-20 1984-04-26 Showa Denko Kk Layer-built sheet-like polymer secondary battery
JPS5991658A (en) * 1982-11-18 1984-05-26 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd Monoblock container for alkaline storage battery
DE3246968C2 (en) 1982-12-18 1986-03-20 Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover Electric battery with several cells lying next to one another and arranged parallel to one another
US4923582A (en) * 1982-12-27 1990-05-08 Eltech Systems Corporation Monopolar, bipolar and/or hybrid memberane cell
US4495259A (en) * 1983-02-11 1985-01-22 The Gates Rubber Company Vibration resistant battery
US4758483A (en) * 1983-03-11 1988-07-19 Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine Novel macromolecular material for use in realizing electrolytes and/or electrodes
US4707795A (en) * 1983-03-14 1987-11-17 Alber Engineering, Inc. Battery testing and monitoring system
US4507857A (en) * 1983-06-22 1985-04-02 Battery Engineering Inc. Electrochemical cell
US4477545A (en) * 1983-06-29 1984-10-16 Union Carbide Corporation Isostatic compression method for producing solid state electrochemical cells
US4654278A (en) * 1983-09-29 1987-03-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Thermal cell non-deflagration design
US4525439A (en) * 1983-10-07 1985-06-25 Simonton Robert D Connector aperture seal for a galvanic cell
DE3426199C2 (en) 1984-07-17 1994-02-03 Asea Brown Boveri Bridging element
US4547438A (en) * 1984-12-18 1985-10-15 Duracell Inc. Battery assembly
US4670703A (en) * 1985-05-06 1987-06-02 General Electric Company Battery charger with three different charging rates
US4692577A (en) * 1985-10-25 1987-09-08 S&C Electric Company Switch for a high-voltage interrupting module
US4713597A (en) 1985-12-04 1987-12-15 Powerplex Technologies, Inc. Silicon diode looping element for protecting a battery cell
US4691085A (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-09-01 S&C Electric Company High voltage interrupting switch with improved contact connection arrangement and method
IL78893A (en) * 1986-05-23 1991-08-16 Univ Ramot Electrochemical battery packaging
FR2606216A1 (en) * 1986-10-30 1988-05-06 Elf Aquitaine ION CONDUCTION MATERIAL
CA1288473C (en) * 1987-03-11 1991-09-03 Andre Belanger Thin electrode carried on electronically conducting strip, and process for itsmanufacture
US4828939A (en) * 1987-06-01 1989-05-09 Eltech Systems Corporation Bipolar metal/air battery
US4927717A (en) * 1987-06-01 1990-05-22 Eltech Systems Corporation Bipolar metal/air battery
US4752540A (en) * 1987-06-05 1988-06-21 Honeywell Inc. Polymeric enclosures for non-aqueous active metal cells
FR2616971A1 (en) * 1987-06-18 1988-12-23 Elf Aquitaine INTERMEDIATE ASSEMBLY FOR THE PRODUCTION IN THE FORM OF THIN FILMS OF A LITHIUM BATTERY, METHOD OF MAKING SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE ACCUMULATOR
GB8715708D0 (en) 1987-07-03 1987-08-12 Chloride Silent Power Ltd Batteries
US4816354A (en) * 1988-03-09 1989-03-28 Tamminen Pentti J Alkaline cell battery and method for manufacture thereof
US4852684A (en) * 1987-12-16 1989-08-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Compressible ear tip
US4913259A (en) * 1987-12-16 1990-04-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Compressible ear tip
US4911993A (en) * 1988-02-01 1990-03-27 Eltech Systems Corporation Bipolar, filter-press, consumable metal anode battery
US4887348A (en) * 1988-03-09 1989-12-19 Tamminen Pentti J Alkalline cell battery and method for manufacture thereof
US5070787A (en) * 1988-06-24 1991-12-10 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Method and apparatus for switching an electrical circuit
SE467165B (en) * 1988-10-28 1992-06-01 Nike Ab PRESSURE AIR PUMP DEVICE
US5008161A (en) * 1989-02-01 1991-04-16 Johnston Lowell E Battery assembly
US4997732A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-03-05 Mhb Joint Venture Battery in a vacuum sealed enveloping material and a process for making the same
US4973936A (en) * 1989-04-27 1990-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Adminstration Thermal switch disc for short circuit protection of batteries
US4967136A (en) * 1989-09-25 1990-10-30 Prestolite Electric Incorporated Battery equalization circuit for a dual voltage charging system
DE3938262A1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-05-23 Asea Brown Boveri PROTECTIVE DEVICE FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BATTERIES
US5070427A (en) * 1990-01-31 1991-12-03 Sparton Corporation Thermal switch for battery protection
CA2038354A1 (en) 1990-03-30 1991-10-01 William H. Kelly Ni-h2 battery having improved thermal properties
GB2244368A (en) * 1990-05-16 1991-11-27 Chloride Silent Power Ltd A thermal shunt for a battery contained in a thermally-insulated container
GB2248139A (en) * 1990-08-07 1992-03-25 Chloride Silent Power Ltd High temperature battery terminal provided with heat dissipator to prevent damage to cable insulation
US5089027A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-02-18 Gould Inc. Method for producing a solid electrolyte cell
US5071652A (en) * 1990-12-11 1991-12-10 Globe-Union Inc. Metal oxide hydrogen battery having improved heat transfer properties
US5057385A (en) * 1990-12-14 1991-10-15 Hope Henry F Battery packaging construction
US5227264A (en) * 1991-02-14 1993-07-13 Hydro-Quebec Device for packaging a lithium battery
US5547775A (en) 1991-04-26 1996-08-20 Sony Corporation Circuit for preventing overcharge and overdischarge of secondary batteries
US5180641A (en) * 1991-05-09 1993-01-19 Rockwell International Corporation Battery cell bypass circuit
US5227259A (en) * 1991-07-24 1993-07-13 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Apparatus and method for locating and isolating failed cells in a battery
CA2051611C (en) * 1991-09-17 1996-01-23 Michel Gauthier Process for preparation of electrode collector systems for thin film generators, electrode collector systems et generators therefrom
US5199239A (en) * 1991-09-30 1993-04-06 Honeywell Inc. Housing seal interface
US5162171A (en) * 1991-10-28 1992-11-10 Globe-Union Inc. Metal oxide-hydrogen battery having modules extending longitudinally of the pressure vessel
EP0570590B1 (en) * 1991-12-06 1997-03-26 Yuasa Corporation Thin battery and monolithic thin battery
DE4142628C1 (en) 1991-12-21 1993-05-06 Dieter Braun
US5197889A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-03-30 Motorola, Inc. Electrical contact for battery package or similar device
US5283512A (en) * 1992-04-13 1994-02-01 Hughes Aircraft Company Charge balancing of batteries during charging
CA2068290C (en) * 1992-05-08 1999-07-13 Michel Gauthier Electrical connecting on lithium anodes
US5204194A (en) * 1992-05-21 1993-04-20 Magnavox Electronic Systems Company Multicell battery having a tab-fuse for overcurrent interruption
DE4218381C1 (en) 1992-06-04 1993-05-13 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De
US5313152A (en) * 1992-06-19 1994-05-17 Ford Motor Company Network for minimizing current imbalances in a faradaic battery
US5385793A (en) * 1992-07-20 1995-01-31 Globe-Union Inc. Thermal management of battery systems
DE4225746A1 (en) 1992-08-04 1994-02-10 Hagen Batterie Ag Circuit device
US5300373A (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-04-05 Valence Technology, Inc. Electrochemical cell stack and method of making an electrochemical cell stack
US5530336A (en) 1992-09-17 1996-06-25 Sony Corporation Battery protection circuit
US5337042A (en) * 1992-09-28 1994-08-09 Chrysler Corporation Vehicle communications network transceiver, transmitter circuit therefor
US5478667A (en) 1992-10-29 1995-12-26 Shackle; Dale R. Heat dissipating current collector for a battery
US5363405A (en) * 1992-11-27 1994-11-08 Chrysler Corporation Vehicle communications network transceiver, bus driver therefor
US5354630A (en) * 1992-12-10 1994-10-11 Comsat Ni-H2 battery having improved thermal properties
JP3397351B2 (en) 1992-12-18 2003-04-14 キヤノン株式会社 Prismatic or sheet type battery and manufacturing method thereof
US5547780A (en) 1993-01-18 1996-08-20 Yuasa Corporation Battery precursor and a battery
US5409787A (en) * 1993-02-17 1995-04-25 Electrosource, Inc. Battery plate compression cage assembly
EP0701738B1 (en) 1993-04-05 2001-09-19 Black & Decker Inc. Battery pack for cordless device
JP3384027B2 (en) 1993-05-14 2003-03-10 ソニー株式会社 Charging method and charger
US5438249A (en) 1993-06-08 1995-08-01 Valence Technology, Inc. Method of state-of-charge indication by measuring the thickness of a battery
US5479083A (en) 1993-06-21 1995-12-26 Ast Research, Inc. Non-dissipative battery charger equalizer
WO2004088773A1 (en) 1993-07-22 2004-10-14 Kenichi Miyamoto Hermetically sealed battery
AU691507B2 (en) 1993-09-17 1998-05-21 Nec Corporation Charging and discharging circuit for preventing overcharge and overdischarge of rechargable battery pack consisting of a plurality of rechargable batteries
US5393617A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-02-28 Electro Energy, Inc. Bipolar electrochmeical battery of stacked wafer cells
US5478668A (en) 1993-11-30 1995-12-26 Bell Communications Research Inc. Rechargeable lithium battery construction
US5504415A (en) 1993-12-03 1996-04-02 Electronic Power Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for automatic equalization of series-connected batteries
US5618641A (en) 1993-12-03 1997-04-08 Bipolar Power Corporation Bipolar battery construction
US5487958A (en) 1993-12-06 1996-01-30 Tura; Drew Interlocking frame system for lithium-polymer battery construction
EP0969536A3 (en) 1994-03-03 2003-10-08 Japan Storage Battery Company Limited Battery
DE4407156C1 (en) 1994-03-04 1995-06-08 Deutsche Automobilgesellsch Electric storage battery housing for electrically-driven automobile
JP3389670B2 (en) 1994-03-11 2003-03-24 日産自動車株式会社 Series connection circuit of secondary battery
US5346786A (en) * 1994-03-21 1994-09-13 Hodgetts Philip J Modular rack mounted battery system
JPH07263015A (en) 1994-03-24 1995-10-13 Yuasa Corp Lead-acid battery
US5670272A (en) 1994-03-31 1997-09-23 Valence Technology, Inc. Battery packaging for flat cell batteries having a compressing material for the cell stack
US5384212A (en) * 1994-04-25 1995-01-24 Globe-Union Inc. Flex-rib plaques for batteries
US5567539A (en) 1994-05-23 1996-10-22 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Non-aqueous secondary cell
DE4419281C1 (en) 1994-06-01 1995-12-14 Daimler Benz Ag High temperature battery
US5610495A (en) 1994-06-20 1997-03-11 Motorola, Inc. Circuit and method of monitoring battery cells
FR2721407B1 (en) 1994-06-21 1996-08-02 Renault Method and device for controlling the insulation of a direct current electrical network.
FR2722031B1 (en) 1994-07-04 1996-08-23 Accumulateurs Fixes REGULATOR DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL BATTERY
US5548200A (en) 1994-07-06 1996-08-20 Norvik Traction Inc. Universal charging station and method for charging electric vehicle batteries
JPH0823637A (en) 1994-07-06 1996-01-23 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd Detection unit for protection circuit of rechargeable battery and protection circuit
US5422200A (en) * 1994-07-27 1995-06-06 Hope; Stephen F. Battery packaging construction for alkali metal multicell batteries
US5503948A (en) 1994-08-02 1996-04-02 Microelectronics And Computer Technology Corporation Thin cell electrochemical battery system; and method of interconnecting multiple thin cells
JP2895757B2 (en) 1994-08-05 1999-05-24 日本ミクロコーティング株式会社 Polishing equipment
US5594320A (en) 1994-09-09 1997-01-14 Rayovac Corporation Charge equalization of series connected cells or batteries
US5622789A (en) 1994-09-12 1997-04-22 Apple Computer, Inc. Battery cell having an internal circuit for controlling its operation
DE4433836C1 (en) 1994-09-22 1995-11-09 Daimler Benz Ag Device for heating an interior of an electric vehicle
US5595839A (en) 1994-10-13 1997-01-21 Yardney Technical Products, Inc. Bipolar lithium-ion rechargeable battery
US5643044A (en) 1994-11-01 1997-07-01 Lund; Douglas E. Automatic chemical and mechanical polishing system for semiconductor wafers
US5633573A (en) 1994-11-10 1997-05-27 Duracell, Inc. Battery pack having a processor controlled battery operating system
US5619417A (en) 1994-11-23 1997-04-08 Chrysler Corporation Battery monitoring system for an electric vehicle
US5528122A (en) 1994-11-29 1996-06-18 Ventron Corporation Battery voltage equalizer circuit
GB2295718A (en) 1994-12-02 1996-06-05 Silent Power Gmbh Arrangements of batteries comprising an array of cells interconnected to give the required energy storage/operational voltage
US5600230A (en) 1994-12-15 1997-02-04 Intel Corporation Smart battery providing programmable remaining capacity and run-time alarms based on battery-specific characteristics
US5568039A (en) 1994-12-16 1996-10-22 Motorola, Inc. Apparatus and method of providing an initiation voltage to a rechargeable battery system
US5532087A (en) 1994-12-22 1996-07-02 Motorola, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US5623196A (en) 1994-12-27 1997-04-22 Motorola, Inc. Apparatus and method of simulating high battery temperature in a rechargeable battery
US5569550A (en) 1995-02-03 1996-10-29 Motorola, Inc. Battery pack having under-voltage and over-voltage protection
DE19503917C2 (en) 1995-02-07 1996-11-21 Mc Micro Compact Car Ag Electronic battery monitoring device
US5654622A (en) 1995-02-16 1997-08-05 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Secondary battery charging method and apparatus which controls protecting voltage level of battery protecting circuit
US5563002A (en) 1995-02-21 1996-10-08 Motorola, Inc. Programmable battery
US5612153A (en) 1995-04-13 1997-03-18 Valence Technology, Inc. Battery mask from radiation curable and thermoplastic materials
US5593604A (en) 1995-05-04 1997-01-14 Motorola, Inc. Method of resistance welding thin elements
US5561380A (en) 1995-05-08 1996-10-01 Chrysler Corporation Fault detection system for electric automobile traction system having floating ground
JPH0917416A (en) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-17 Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd Battery having explosion-proof function
US5650240A (en) 1995-08-21 1997-07-22 Hughes Aircraft Company Multicell battery system with individually controllable cell bypasses
US5556576A (en) 1995-09-22 1996-09-17 Kim; Yong C. Method for producing conductive polymeric coatings with positive temperature coefficients of resistivity and articles made therefrom
US5631537A (en) 1995-10-17 1997-05-20 Benchmarq Microelectronics Battery charge management/protection apparatus
US5534366A (en) 1995-11-22 1996-07-09 Motorola, Inc. Modular battery pack
US5626990A (en) 1996-02-02 1997-05-06 Portable Energy Products, Inc. Recombinant lead acid battery and method of making same
DE19618897B4 (en) 1996-05-10 2006-04-20 Varta Automotive Systems Gmbh Circuit arrangement for determining the insulation resistance of an accumulator battery
US6099986A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-08-08 3M Innovative Properties Company In-situ short circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells
JP2001223034A (en) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-17 Kubota Corp Temperature retaining structure of battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1021850A1 (en) 2000-07-26
US6099986A (en) 2000-08-08
JP4267812B2 (en) 2009-05-27
JP2001511635A (en) 2001-08-14
US6548206B1 (en) 2003-04-15
CA2297839C (en) 2010-01-12
WO1999005747A1 (en) 1999-02-04
AU8510998A (en) 1999-02-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2297839A1 (en) In situ short-circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells
US6046514A (en) Bypass apparatus and method for series connected energy storage devices
JP5804540B2 (en) Battery pack with improved safety
CN109844996B (en) Battery module, battery pack including the same, and vehicle
RU2468477C2 (en) Accumulator battery of middle or large size of increased security
KR20130043258A (en) Battery pack of improved safety
KR20070106814A (en) Secondary battery having electrode with self cutting part to be destructed on application of over-current
KR102163656B1 (en) Battery module, battery pack including the same, and vehicle including the same
US10586972B2 (en) Battery pack
WO2008136177A1 (en) Nonaqueous electrolytic secondary battery
WO2011037335A2 (en) Secondary battery and method for manufacturing same
EP2800169A1 (en) Battery cell assembly with improved safety, and battery module including same
KR20090060497A (en) Pouch type secondary battery with enhanced stability
KR20150058730A (en) Apparatus for preventing overcharge battery
KR20160076156A (en) Battery Pack Comprising Terminal Connecting Member with Breakable Portion and Damping Member
JPH07302619A (en) Electrochemical storage battery
KR20100133560A (en) Pcm with novel structure and battery pack including the same
CA2201344A1 (en) Non-aqueous battery
DE102007020905B4 (en) Galvanic element with securing means
CN1317844A (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and mfg. method
KR101822612B1 (en) Battery module for power shut off when battery is over-charged
KR20150121518A (en) Battery module and battery pack for guarantee at safety for short circuit
EP3799156A1 (en) Battery module with improved safety, battery pack comprising battery module, and vehicle comprising battery pack
KR101580698B1 (en) Lithium secondary battery electrodes and cells comprising thereof
CN106463315B (en) Fuse unit

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request
MKEX Expiry

Effective date: 20180723