CA2106486A1 - Broadcast verification system - Google Patents

Broadcast verification system

Info

Publication number
CA2106486A1
CA2106486A1 CA002106486A CA2106486A CA2106486A1 CA 2106486 A1 CA2106486 A1 CA 2106486A1 CA 002106486 A CA002106486 A CA 002106486A CA 2106486 A CA2106486 A CA 2106486A CA 2106486 A1 CA2106486 A1 CA 2106486A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
signal
data
picture
carrier
modulated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002106486A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Kenneth A. Bronfin
Stephen M. Mahrer
Robin W. Wilson
Francis A. Davenport
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NBCUniversal Media LLC
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2106486A1 publication Critical patent/CA2106486A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/28—Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information
    • H04H20/33—Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information by plural channels
    • H04H20/34—Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information by plural channels using an out-of-band subcarrier signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N17/00—Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/08—Systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal, e.g. additional information signals, the signals occupying wholly or partially the same frequency band, e.g. by time division
    • H04N7/081—Systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal, e.g. additional information signals, the signals occupying wholly or partially the same frequency band, e.g. by time division the additional information signals being transmitted by means of a subcarrier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/12—Arrangements for observation, testing or troubleshooting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/12—Arrangements for observation, testing or troubleshooting
    • H04H20/14—Arrangements for observation, testing or troubleshooting for monitoring programmes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/35—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users
    • H04H60/37—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying segments of broadcast information, e.g. scenes or extracting programme ID

Abstract

Data are added invisibly to the active video component of a television signal by a modulated carrier. The data, upon recovery, may be used for numerous purposes, including network signaling, data transmission (18), program identification, remote machine control, broadcast verification, and signal quality detection and measurement.

Description

w O 92/1907~ 2 1 0 ~ ~ 8 ~ PCT/US92/03029 BROADCAST VERIFICATION SYSTEM

3AC~GROUND o- ,u.- -~Vr~TTO~
'~, ~ ie;a o~~ .he ~nven--on This invention cenerally relates to an 2rrange--er._ -or, anc a met:^od o_, ?-ocess_..g ?ro?riee2r~ ~a~a _.. -:~e 2ctive :i~ee com?cr.er.e _ 2 televis:o-. s~ .a;, a-.c ^-. a ?luralie. c- '_r.es c- a -i_'~-e tJ _e G' s?~ e~
_~. e viewing sc-een o~ a telev:sion receiver, . e man-ner substantiall~ invisible to a viewer, and, more ?a----cularly, to an arrangement 'cr, and a method o~, auto--.atically id~entifying and veri-~ii..g t~.e airin~ of tele-~ision broadcast ?ro~rams, especially commercials.
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2. Descri?tion of Related Art It is known to automatically identifv and .
.e-- .~ the b-oadcas: o _elevision ?rocrams, su^:~ ~s -_rst-rln or svndicated T~eatu-e proarams and commer-_-als, ~y re?laci-.c _he ac-ive video ccm?onent o- a ^-eseiected scan line o. a ~ic_~~e with a di~ital code .~ . .
~ h uniquel~ derti-ies the ?rocram. ~.S. ?a_. .'los.

', 17,q04 ar.d ',6;9 " 79 -each :hat 'he icenti ;ir.c code _~ r.serted or. scan ' ne ~ c a :elevisior _ic~~_~e.
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WO92/1907~ G ~ ~ ~ PCT/US92/030~ , U.s. ~at. ~o. ~,805,020 teaches that the identifyina code is inse~_ec on scan line 22 c the television ?icture. Si~.ce 211 'elevision receivers over-scan the scre~n, the firs. line o_ video information that is actually visible to a viewer is about scan line 30.
H:ence, ,:-e use o- 'ine 20 in the over-scan reaion of .he ~elevision sisnal coes not degrade the pic,ure actually seen -y e:-e ~-~e~, ~nd t:~e use o 1 ne 22 m2v dea-a-e ~ .. --'_ _'' -Q -e-Q i ~e-s.
.~l .ouc;~ the known ?rogram verlfication svst_ms a-e gener211~ satisfac_ory for their intended ?ur?ose, the use of a single oredetermined scan line to contain t~.e identification code has not proven to be altogether satisfactory or practical. It is possible to use line 20 or 22 for other purposes, thereby limit-ina the available room to insert the identification code, as well as other program-related encoded information. ~ -lso, the identifying code is easily strippable, whether intontional or not, 'rom a predetermined scan line, ;
e.g.,by a local affiliate station, thereby compromisins the ability of a network broadcast station to reliably audit an af-iliate's broadcast of particular programs, especially ~ommerci21s.
;~ Other known broadcast verification systems ~ ~
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involve the use of sub-audible codes in the audio sig- -- nal, ,or exzmple, see U.S. P2t. ~os. 4,931,871 and .,. .. -~.

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WO92/1907~ 2 1 0 6 ~ 8 5 PCT/US92/03029 4,945,412, as well as the use of pattern recognition techniaues; _or exampie, see U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,230,990;
4,450,531; 4,,39,3~8 and 4,843,~62.
~ side -rcm broadcast veri'ication svstems, lt is known to comDlne other signals with television signals. Fo_ exam?le, U.S. ?at. No. 4,647,974 encodes a triacer si~nal i-. the ac- ve video ?ortion of a tele-v~sion sianal _.. or~er ~o a-_~^re-f^allv ir.ser_ local station information, such as call letters or a logo, into network su??l ed material, such as ~romotional annour.cements. ~.S. ~at. No. 4,783,699 encodes textual information into the horizontal synchronizing pulse of a television signal, U.S. Pat. No. 4,051,532 encodes auxiliary signals, e.c., sub-titles for the hearing impaired, special notices, etc. onto the television signal. U.S. Pat. No. 4,807,031 - -encodes control data onto the television signal for remotely controlling interac~ive devices, e.c., educa-tional aias or action toys, located in viewers' homes or schools.

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WO92/1907~ S ~ PCT/US92/0302 SU~ARY OF ~HE INVENTIOW
. Objec_s of the Invention - s an objec_ of this invention _o advance the st~te o the art of identi yl-.g and ver--fying teievision broadcast program airings, espe-cially commer~ials.
I~ s another object of this invention _~
~eliabl~ ?rocess iro~rietarv data espec a v ~elev -sion Firogram identification and veri4ication dat2 wit~
a television signal without degradlng pic- ~e qu2 .
~ nother object of this invention is to rel--ablv verify the airing of commercials by af iliate stations.
A further object of this invention is to pre-vent intentional or unintentional stripping of a program identification code from the television signal.
Yet another object of this invention is to -emotely control equipment at local affiliate stations. `~
Still another object of this invention is to reliablv transmit and receive data of anv kind, prefer-ablv at a slow rate, e.g. less _han 960 baud.
- Another objec_ of this invention is to reliably -detect the quality of the video signals transmitted and received togetr.er with a carrie- fo- the ~ - -sicnals.

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WO92/1907~ PCT/US92/03029 21~8~

2. Features of the Invention In kee~ing with these objects, and o-hers which will become a?parent hereinafter, one feat~re of this invention resides, briefly stated, in a m.ethod of, and an arrangement for, processing pro?rietarv data, especially program identification and veri-ica-tion data,with a television sianal which convent on-ally has an active video cor,ponent ard a - m.i~.a com-?onent for eacn line of a pic_~re to be dis?laved o.. a viewing area o- a .elevision -eceiver.
A carrier signal is generated ir. timed rela-tion to the timing component o' the television signal.
A data signal indicative of the data to be processed is also generated. The carrier signal and the data signal are modulated together in timed relation to the timing component of the television signal to form a data-modulated signal having a low amplitude in a range from O.l to 2.5 IRE. The low amplitude mav be a f~xed value, or a variable value t.~at changes in said range.
The data-modulated signal is then added to the active video component of the television signal to form an encoded ccm?osite signal on a plurality of linesof the picture. The encoded composite signal is subsequently transmitted to the receiver 'or dis?lav- , ing the picture on the viewir.c area.

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3 ' 5 WO92/1907~ 2 :L O ~ ~ ~ 6 PCT/US92/0302~

Hence, rather than insertin5 a program identi-ca.lon c~de in a ~reselected si~sle scan llne in ar.
over-scan reglo~ o- e receiver, as taught bv t:se -rio- ar-, -his -nvention oroposes that the identifi-cation code (--e data) be soread over a Dlurality of ~.e lir.es o the ?ic'ure in t;~e line o sigh, o- the viewe-:io~eve~, -he -iewe- cannot see the data-modulated sia-.al ,u-er-~_osec or. -e -l~-a_ - -- ' nes ~f ~-.e ? ~_ -e ~ue tO --.e :ow amol uce o _;.e cata-modulated sianal, as wel. as , _ m_d r_la_ion -o -n_ timina comoonent of t:-e tele-lision signal, toge-her with '-.e inheren~ integratio..
and resolution characteristics of the human eye. ?re-'erably, the low amplitude of 'he data-modulated signal.
, is adjusted to a fixed or varia~le magnitude within the i- - aforementioned rance. ;
, The data itself is composed of alphabetic ¦ and/cr numerical characters. Each character preferably s encoded as 6 bi's. ~ach field of the picture --s subdivided into multi?le da-a cells, each preferably com?rising about 60 lines. Each data cell is used to ~ -generate one bit o' the data. Tn the preferred embodi-~ ment, the data rate is 240 baud, and about 30 charac-lers per second are transmi'tec. Other data rates are, .

c' eourse, also within the s? ~ t of this inven-ion.
~he number o' lines over wr.i--. the data is spreAd is more ~han two lines, may constitute one or more data ceils, or mav consti_~te all thie lines c' tkiie oicture.
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WO92/1907~ 2 1 0 ~ ~ 3 6 PCT/US92/03029 I' will be a~reciated that the use of mul-~?1Q l~nes -~ t-ansmit a single bit of inrormation 1n;~erentl-i --ovides for more system reliability and more i.~ur. t _o decoaing e~-ors. he identification code is thus s~read over manv lines and over many -~elds,and ls much harder to be stripped to compromise ove_ail SyS~e? securi_:. a~_ ~icient room exists for c-~er i~.o,.~a. on to be t-_nsmi--ea, such ~r. orma_lon :nclud,ng t:se time and date of the ?rogram transmis-sio~, networ.~ ar.d local 2f-- liate identi'icat-on n--^rmation, 2s well as cont-^l signals to control ecuip--ent at a local affiliate station, or peripheral acces-sories located adjacent television receivers in viewers' homes, schools, or the like.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the invention are set forth in par-` ticular in the appended claims. The invention itself, -.owever, bot.~ as to its construction and i_s method of operation, together with additional objects and advan-.aaes thereof, will be best understood from the follow--ng description of specific embodiments when read in ~onnection with the accompanying drawings.
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WO92/19073 ~ 8 li PCT/US92/03024 FIG. l is a partly diagramatic view of an zrrangement at the transmitting end o' the overall svstem ln accordance with this invention;
FIG. 2 is a par~ly diaaramatic view o- an arrangement at the receiving end of the overall .
s~,stem in accorcance wi-h thls inven-ic..;
-IG. 3 ls 2 schemat_c view o a -elevisic~
receiver sc-een subdivided into data cel's;
~ . ` is an elec-~ical schematic o, _he t modulator of FIG. l; and PIG. ~ is a block diaaram of a variation o-t~e level adjustment of FIG. l.

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Wo 92/1907~ 2 1 0 ~ ~ 8 ~ PCT/~'S92/0302~

_9_ DETAI~ED DECCRI~TION OF mUE PR~FrRRED E~BODIM~.'~S
_ Reterrina now to the drawincs, reference nu~-eral l0 generallv identi~ies a conventlonal television camera ror cenerating a television signal having viceo, audio and t:mi--a Com?onents. The video componen- com- -rlses video material, such zs 2 ?~oa-ar" a co~me_cial, ~~ c-he- -orm o_ video infc~at _-., ~e-.rar.s-iss~on _. a --levisio., ..etwo-.~ _-a~
'ocai s-~t~^~.s æ-c, i~ tlrn, to a mLlltude of '2levisi^n -ece_v2rs.
~ he viceo componer.t _o~ms a _ - -e cc.~ose~
of multiple lines on a viewing screen at each receivins station. The timing component includes horizontal H
and vertical V svnchronizing signal components, as well as horizontal and vertical beam blanking B components.
As is well known, the vertical beam blanking components ;~
blank a scar.ning electron beam of a cathode ray tube at each receiver during the re-trace or vertical blar.ki-.g intervai of the beam. ?he television signal is transmitted at a field rate whose 'reauencv of --ans-mission is speci'ied by governmental authorities. At ; the completion of each fiel~, a vertical blanXing sig-nal blanks the scanning beam, and the scanning beam then re-traces to start the subsequent ield. ?wo such 'ields consti_ute a frame of _:e -ic~ure on the sc~een.
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''' ~ ,.,~' WO92/1907~ PCT/US92/0302~.

--1 o_ The vldeo crocram may be ~-ansmitted live or, 2S lS more o~-en t~.e case, is recorded on magnetic taDe by a recorde- elther on-Doard the camera or remotelv t;~ere~rom, bv a video recorder/?laver 12. Ln accor~ance ~ith this ir.Ventlor., ~he video ~roaram is encoded wit;.
?ro?rietzrv cata bv an encoder 14. Lhe encoded proaram is then copied at a dubbing studio b~ a video recorder/
-'ave~ a num.~er CC C~?ies mace O-- L :~e ~roara~
ce?encs o.. ~-s~ ut or. ~ecuire.m.enes. mhese copies mav be sent so local a,~-iliate stations of the network. Alter- -nat:velv, t:~e ?rogram can be ~roadcast at a desicnated - me t^ all local stat ons bv a satellite dlsh 18 or by an analoaous transmittina device. Thereupon, the local - `-stations re-transmit the program by terrestrial trans-mitter to a multitude of tele~ision receivers, typically located in the homes of individuals.
~he proprietary data may take many forms. For example, in the case where it is desired to electron- -ically verify that a network commercial has been aired ~v local affiliates, 'he data comprises t:~e name or signature code of the commercial, the t-~pe of commercial, the advertiser's name, the time/date of transmission of the commercial by the network and/or affiliate, the name of the network and/or the affiliate, etc. Other ~-ogram data might include cont-ol sisnals to cont-ol a''iliate station equipment, e.c. local craphics devices, tape machines, ~rocram routers, or ' ' ',' ' ''', -':

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WO92/1907~ 2 l a 6 ~ 8 6 PCT/US92/03029 _ 1 1 _ home viewer -eripheral eaui?ment, e.~., interactive cames, --_e~e-s, computers, etc.
.e cata is com?osed of al?habetic anc/or .umer-cal c:-a-ac~ers, ?referablv an 8-character al?ha-numeric _~_ coce. Each character is prerer-ablv encocea 25 ~ its. As explained in creater ~e_ail ~elc~, he ~ic'ure -ielc is co~?osed of T.llti?le i ' .. es, _. ., a_o~- 24C ~nes, --. the m?.'- DOCV o- ~e i ?ic_ure wnic;- 1ies wit.~n the direct li;.-: of sight o-e vie~e~. ~he f eld is subdivided into mul'i?le aata cells. ~^r example, i-- each data cell Com?rises abou.
~ 60 lines, then each field s divided into four data ¦ ce'ls. Each data cell is used to generzte one bit of data. In the preferred embodiment, the data rate is 240 baud, and 30 characters per second are transmitted.
The data may be loaded into the encoder 1~ i~
digital form by keyboard entry at a computer terminal 20.
¦ ~he t~rminal 20 c2n be ~ sta~d-alor.e c_ta ternur-~ which ocmmunicates with '.e .ele~hone ~odem 21, or.Tav be ccr-.ec'æ '2 a ..OSt CC~,=Lt~_ ~7 ? which o~her cam.Duter t~l~unals 20 rcr othe- encoders are connected.
j The host computer 22 essentiall~ serves as a lar~e data `~
-~ base to and from which data frcm the te~inal 20 is ~-ansmitted and received over cata bus 24. The host computer 22 ls connected k- a :elephone and mode~ link `~

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'. ~ ' WO92/1907~ 6 PCT/~S92/03029 ~6 to a tele?;~one 28 wnose o?eratior is describec n urther detail oelow.
.~. di ital signal reoresenta~ive o t:~e en.e_ed cata is concucted along an RS-232 data bus 30 t~ a control microorocessor 32, ?rererabl~: an ntel .~locel - -~o. 8051 which rrovides all necessarv cont-oi C, _lan,~- ~
:ng ~ and or~at-ec data F si nals. ~he ~.ic~c~~^cessor - ~, ~~ is -ed wit:- ~.o-izon~al h anc ve-t cal ; svr.c^.~ z-- ~`
in5 sisnals cerived _rom the -elevision s gnal. ~:-e svnchronir ng slsnals are used _o svr.chronize the ca_a :, -sisnal for insertion into tne television signal. ~:~e 'ormatted data signal is preferablv out?ut_ec 2' a cata rate o- ~0 baud.
A carrier signal generator 34 includes a low ^hase noise orogrammable frequency synthesizer. The --equency of the carrier signal is preferably ar i-.te-cer multiple or the horizontal synchronizins signal H.
mhe multiplication fac_or is determined bv a constar.t , ~-~, stored in the microprocessor and retrleved from ~:-.e ~, :
control signal C. The horizon-al svnchronizing signal ~ec,uenc is set at ar.~SC (S,vstcm.") standard o' 15"3'.~53 uz. L- ---.e preferred e~Doc~ment, the constant is a number in a _-nge 'rom lO9 to 117. Hence, the carrier signal 're-~, cuency is in the range from l.- to l.9 ~Hz. ~s Zesc-ibed ,-below in the so-called "'requency-agile" embodi3en o' rIG. ,, frequencies outside o' said range are aiso oossible.
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WO92/1907~ A ~ 6 PCT/US92/03029 The carrier signal C-om the aenerator 34 a~d t;~e -orma~ted data signal -om the micro?rocessor ;2 are 'ed to a ~oaulator 36. .~ line ?ai~ sisnal ~/2, wnose '-equenc~ s :~al' the freauencv o- the hor~-zontal svnchronizing signal, is also fed to the modu-lator 36. The modulator is ?-e~e_ablv a ?;~ase s:r.i~
'.~evin (~sX) ~odulat~r com?osed o~ two ?~oc-a~aDle ~^.ver~e;s, ~- -~a~,?le, exclus ve-G~ cates. .`.s shGwr.
1~ ~TG. ~, a _ -st cate 38 is -ed wi~h t;~e ;_ne -2'-signal and the carrier signal, therebv ?roaucinc a ?hase-switc;~eQ ou.?ut sisnal wnose ?;~ase , ;nve~-ec DV 180 at an ~/2 rate, i.e., every two llnes. This out?ut signal ls 'ed together with the .ormatted data signal to a second gate 40 where the data-modulated out?ut signal has a phase that is inverted by 180 on a line-bv-line basis.
The data-modulated output signal is fed to a ¦ low ?ass filter 42. ~referablv, the filter is an elliptic ! ~ (Cau r) lts having a 2.2 ~Hz -assband and ~ ~ilte~
".ero" a_ 3.58 `'~Y.z to eli-..ir.ate co..-aminat~o~.
o the video signal's color sub-carrier `v second harmonic ?roducts or the data-modulated signal.
The ~ tered signal is next fed to a blanking clrcuit ~ wherein the blankir.c signal 3 '-c~ the micro-:

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WO92/1907~ 6 ~ ~ 6 PCT/~S92/03022.

--ocesso- 3~ ~lanks the data-modulated sisnal. ~.is bl2nkie.g is ~-med .o be a~out 2 ~ s lnside o. 'he active viaeo _or~_~ o~ e televis on signal t~ -esist er., coe.tam ..~ticn with the sy~chronizing signals.
~ ereu?on, the signal is fed to a level acjust-ment ci_cui. ~6, pre-erablv a potentiometer which is manu-a ~ ~a ~s_a~ e ~o se- ';~e am?li~lde o ~he dat2-modulated s:~n2~ e a- a selec-ea -:xec value i.. a range --om O. - 2.~ .e -.omin21 am?l-_ude ievel is se: or . 7 mV ~ea~-to-?e2k).
~ a~..er ~haa manuallv adjusting a fixed value, _his invention also oroposes, as shown in FIG. 5, auto-matically adjusting a variable amplitude data-modulated siqnal. This variable amplitude signal is generated by, for example, a voltage-controlled attenuator 41 whose input - -is controlled by an analyzer 43 that analyzes the spectral content of the video component o_ the television signal.
The s?ectral content can be analyzed n conventional man-ner bv selective filtering of t:^e television signal. The ad,ustment of the variable signal may, in certain appli-cations, be preferred over t:~e adjustment of a .-xed sl nal, Darticularly when i- is cesired t~ minimize the visibility of the data-modulated signal, and also maxi-mizins the reliabilitv o_ data --ansmission and reception.
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w092/1907~ 2 1 ~ ~ '1 8 6 PCT/~S92/03029 ~e~ he low am?litude data-modulated signal ~nd the .eie;:sion sls~al 2_e added together to 'orm a -~m?osite slc-.al -. a su~. ng ci-cui 48 which is ac-:a-.t2qeously embodied as 2 hish-ohmage resistor, e.g., ;o-~. mhis large value -esistor ?rovides isolation and attonua--on which is ?articularly useful in the ever.- _:-2- e 2r~e unw2r.ted sicnal suddenly a2~ears or.
-he cata ~?~ ..e cue .e s~stem -ailure. mhe resis.or ~i l a--en~-2~e ,he large u-.wanted sicnal to 2 smaller, safer value to protect the system.
~ :-e low ampli-uce data-modulated sisnal is added to -he active video component of the television signal. After transmission of the composite signal, thé
data-modulated signal is present on a plurality of lines oS the pic.ure displayed at a viewing screen of ezch -eceiver within the direct line of sight of a viewer.
mhe data-~odulated signal wnich is spread over the ?lural-i~v of lines in the main body of the ?icture is substan--i211v invisible to the viewer due to its low am?litude, ts timed relation to the horizontal svnchronizing signal -ate, ar.d the inherent ir.tegration and resolution char-acteristics or the human eye. Of course, the dat3-modu-l~ted signal could be s?read cve- any 2redeter~ir.ed number of lines, or over e~ch and every 'ine, o the : .
-icture.

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WO92/1907~ PCT/US92/03029 - murnina now to FIG. ', the t-ar.smit ed e~m-_osite sisnai i, received ~y a receiver suc~. as -~~i5 - f-ecuenc~ 2nter.na 50, or cable cecode~ ~c~ - -e-ceived in baseband (unmodulated) video ~, et~. .;
microprocessor 60 similar to micro?rocess~ ~2 recei~es - the horizontal and vertical synchronizing signals anc ou~?uts a --ecuenc-. con-rol sicnal, es we_: _s ~e-_ ~
e~--ec_ed f-om _;.e cem?osite signal 'e e -~ -e- -er~- ~ -ir.2l 62. mhe te~inal 62 is, i-. turn, co-.nec.ed ~:~ e - -ele?hone link anc ~ode~ t~ a telephone 64 whic~
turn, is connected to host computer 22 t:~roug;~ ...e .el-ephone link 28. ~he frequency control signal is 'ed 4 to a multiband television tuner ;6 to select a desired channel on either a direct broadcast or a CATV band.
Conventional intermediate frequency and demodulating circuit 58 provides necessary demodulation and control over the video sisnal and radio -requency level o the ~ ~ -televis-on sicnal. The basebanc video signal 54, ?re--¦ erablv obtained -:om a video tape recorder, bypasses the 'uner 56 and ~ntermediate freauency-demodulating ci-cuit 58.
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WO92/1907~ 2 :L O 6 ~ 8 6 PCT/US92/03029 s .~ svnchror~ization separator 66 in a cecoder a-rangement 6a aenerates horizontal and ve~tical svn-chronizing sicnals ~, V from the recelved co~posi~e .elevislon signal. These synchronizing signals are usec t~ svnchronize the ~.icroorocessor 6G ~nc ~he ~ecode- 2_-~nge~er.t 6~.
r. clock regene~atcr and auto-~b2sinc c~-cu-t ,0 is analogous to the carrier genera~or 34 of FI5. 1.
mhe -requency con_-ol signal of the mic-oorocessor 60 is fed to the circuit 70. .~ programmable low noise i frequency synthesizer is used to provide a stable clock signal that is timed in relation to the horizontal syn~
chronizing signal. This clock sisnal is used for svn-chronous demodulation of the data-modulated signal and _s fed to a pair of demodulators ,2, 74.
- ~ bandpass transversal ilter 7; is used to . . .
eliminate ?roblems of non-linear pnase or grouD delay -esponse. In the preferred embodiment, the filter 7;
has a 1.l9 ~H passband and 2 --~ ter "~ero"
at 3.58 .~Hz to reduce chrominarce--o-data crosstal~
~ith a color sub-carrier of the television signal.
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WO92/1907~ 2 ~ PCT/US92/0302 ~ he cemodulators 72, ,~ are identical in -l~c-icn ar.c are eac.~ connected to the output o-' the ilter ,_. 3Oth are svnchronous cemodulators con-structed arcund Gou~le-balanced ~odulators. The out-uts o t~.e demodulators 72, 74 are fed res?ectivelv to ~/2 integrator subcircl~its and sam?le-and-hold sub-_ts ,~, ,8 wr.ich are identical ln unc~ion. ~ach ir.. ec~ato~ s ar. o?era.ional ampli_ier which is re-set ~ -ever~ -wo '-nes at an H/2 -ate (~.8 k~z). .~t t~e en~ - -o- ~:-is two-line intearation period, each sam?le-and-.-.old su~ci~~ui' ls activated to sample the peak signal achieved bv i_s respective integrator.
The use of an H/2 integrator tends to can- -cel out any video-related signals demodulated in cir- ~
cuits 72, /4. The phase of the data-modulated signal -is reversed bv 180 on adjacent lines. The data-modu-lzted signal and the clock signal always have the same ?hase relationshi? in any !ine ?air. This results in a net charge to the intearator. The unwanted video content of the demodulated sianal will tend to cancel across each two-line inteqration ?eriod ~ue to the -'act that it does not rollow the phase reversal. ~ach o-line integrator provides correlation over some '85 cvcles o- the demodulated sicnal.

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WO92/1907~ 2 i 3 6 4 ~ ~ PCT/US92/03029 _l c_ m~.e out?uts o. ~:~e subcircuits 76, /8 are -es~ectivel ~es _~ ce'~ tegratoz subcircuits a~.c sam?ie-anc-'~.oid subcir^uits ~0, 82, which aaain are i-e~._ _a1 -. -unctior.. ~ac- subcircuit 80, 82 adds ext~a c^r-elation over a cata cell whic~., as reviousiv -oted, _, a?~rcxi.~a.ely 60 television '~ nes z. 2-'.0 ~au_. ~bi â _es~l~s _n a -eduction i~ e video e--erer.c- :~__: .:-e ;ow ievei _ata-~odulatec ca__ier.
_ac;- sam?le-anc,-:sol_ subc~ -CU' t 80, 82 samples t:~e ?eak _' ~,..21 ac-.' eve- at t~.e end o_ each data cell, that is, a -er ever~, 6û l'-.es.
m:~e subcircuit 80 is connected to a Schmit_ _~igger ci:cui_ 84 which is essentially an analoc-to-digital converter. The circuit 84 converts the bi-polar analog signal present at the output of circuit 80 to a digital signal for convevance to the microproces-scr 60 whic~. is t~en operative to interpret the digital sisnal as data, i.e., t~e data :hat was originallv entered at com?uter terminal 2^.
m~e circuits ,0, /~ , 82 are o?erative o~ ?rovicing quadrature demodu- ,,, ation Or a su??ressed carrier. An error signal derived '-om circui~s 7~, 78, 82 is fed along a feedback 1?
anc, _s usec as an auto-?;~asi-.g sisnal .o cor_ec_ ':e ~' ,, ', ~- , ~: ' ' ~ .:
.: , ~ -' `': ' "~ -' , WO92/1907~ 2 1 Q ~ i' PCT/US92/03029 ?hase o. _ne iocal oscillators used ~. t:-e svnc~.ronous cemodulato~s ,2, 7~.
.~e àata sisnal t-ansmission - e is ceter-~ined bv t~e number Oc data cells Der televlsio~ ielc.
The initial implementation of this inven.ion _s cor.-f.gured or _our data cells per .ield (see .-~G. ,/.
-2ch cata cell is comprised Ot an inteae- nu~,~e- c-_elevision l~nes, and the cura_-on o, _ac:- da-~ -= ' _s ceriveda bv sim2i~ dividing t;~e number c- ac__v_ vision lines bv the number of data ce_ls per iela (wnere _~o eias = one _ramei. The ac ve vicec -o_-tion of a standard televison signal com?rises abou-240 lines. ~hus, Cour cells per field will result _n ¦ 60 lines per data cell. System testing has shown that a svstem can be operable bevond 960 baud.
When the present invention is used as a _roadcas~ veri'ication svstem to verifv the airing of ?rograms, commercials and promotional materials, re--orting can be per~ormed on a weekly, dailv or even a "real-time" basis. To that enc, host com?ute_ 22 can call up the data stored in terminal 62 via the ~odems 28,64 to retrieve the s-~red data as often ~s desired. ~n~ a~l:horized terminzl can now access t~.e cata s~ored ~n the :~ost computer _2 as often 2S des red.
Tn-ormation can be provided no_ onlv on the _i~e anc cate that a ?articular broadcast was aired, .
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WO92/1907~ 2 10 6 ~ ~ ~ PCT/US92/03029 but can also describe if a broadcast ran ir. its en-~irety, or i_ a~y significant tec~nical problem, e.s., a~aio c- ticeo s ~ rea~up, oc~- -re~ ~uri~g the broadcas~.
I~ediate feedback of all station clear-ances of network programming could also be obtained anc would be use-~ n deter~i.in- s.at or. c~m?ensation a'.c ~esolrf..g ~~ocram clearance ;ssues.
I-. adci_ion to er.codin identific2t on caea o. zl' broadcasts, a network icenti'icat or. signal anc ~-t:-e time and date Oc each broadcast may be encoded on all material transmitted across a network, t~èreby I providing the network with the ability to positively ¦~ identify video material that has been reproduced, re-roadcast or sold without approval. Encoding could be implemented on inter-company feeds, or between news -ureaus and headquarters.
In another implementa'lon, s?ecial remote~
control signaiscan be encoded on the television signal to all network af'iliate stations for the control cf ;;
station ecui?ment, e.g., cra?r.~cs devices, routers, -or tape machi-.es. In additior., commerciàl a??li-ca;ionsexisting today that ut lize television's ;~ :

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WO92/1907~ PCT/US92/03029 ~ertical ~l~nk ng interval to transmi_ data to external devi_es can be i.~?lemented wlth ~he present _nvent-c-.. _uc;- e~am?les ..clude interac-ive games, and - c_eci_ card ve~i~ica.lon.

~s -reviously mentioned, the ca-rler signal --eauencv r -5 an i.-eser ~ i?ie o~ the horizontal . _ s~a-. 1 -.e --e~-~er.c _., _he -el2-ionshi? '~) beinc con- -; ~-ol~ec ~ e ~lc-c-rocesso- _~. Howeve~, rather han - -StO-' nc a - xed ;al~e o- n, es ^-eviousl cesc--bec, ~his -.ven_ic-. --c?oses -nat -he ~;alue o- n be varied i~. order ~o secu-e the da.2 -o be processed and to ?rever.- ou-side parties --o~, iamming the car-ier signal ~~eauencv.
j ror example, the mic-o?rocessor 32 can be pro-! grammed to generate a series of different values of n, or a series of addresses which refer to a look-up table that stores different values of n. ~lternatively, the data ~ signal could include a so-called "kev" Cor tuning the ¦ generator 3~ ~o va-ious frec-~er.c-es. ~he kev could be t:ansmitted as o-ten as DeCesS2:~ t:~ eDsu:e secu:it~}.

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WO92/1907~ 2 ~ 0 6 ~ ~ 6 PCT/US92/03029 ~~ -.;il' be understood that each of ~he ele-~ents des.~:~ea 2bove, or two or more together, 2iso .ay . nd 2 ~se ~1 a?pli_atlor. in other ty?es o cor.-s.-uc_ior.s c ~~er~ --om the ty~es described above.
while the invention has been illustrated and desc.ibed 25 e~.~oaied in an arranaement or and method o- _-ocess_~.~ -at2, es?ecis~_y -or identi-~yinc znc veri-:nc 2ir_a_ c_ -eiev s_o~ oad-2st ?-o~-a~.s, : s -.o- -._ended _o ~e . te _o -:se details showr., s-nce var ous ~oc ic_- ans and s:ruc_ural chanaes mav be .ade wi~;soue de?ar.:ns -. 2~v way fro~ t:~e s?iri: o--~.e ?-esent inventior..
~ithout -urther analysis, the foregoins will --so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can, bv applving current knowledge, readilv adapt it for various applications without omittins ~eatures that, from the stand?oint of prior art, airly ~`consti_ute essential character stics o. the generi- or s?ecific aspects of this ir.ven-ion and, therefore, such adaptations should and are r.tended to be comprer.ended ~-within the meaning and rance o_ equivalence of the 'ol- ~-lowing claims.
-~hat is claimed zs r.ew and desired to be ?ro-., ~, , .
~` tected by Letters ?ater.- s S2_ forth ir. t;~ie a??ended claims.
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Claims (35)

WE CLAIM:
1. A method of processing data with a tele-vision signal having an active video component and a timing component for lines of a picture to be dis-played on a viewing area of a television receiver, com-prising the steps of:
(a) generating a carrier signal in timed relation to the timing component of the television signal;
(b) generating a data signal indicative of the data to be processed;
(c) modulating the carrier signal and the data signal in timed relation to the timing component of the television signal to form a data-modulated signal having a low amplitude in a range from 0.1 to 2.5 IRE;
(d) adding the data-modulated signal to the active video component of the television signal to form an encoded composite signal on a plurality of lines of the picture; and (e) transmitting the encoded composite signal to the receiver for displaying the picture on the view-ing area, said data-modulated signal on said plurality of lines of the picture being substantially invisible to a viewer of the picture due to said low amplitude.
2. The method according to claim 1, where-in the timing component includes a horizontal scan line frequency, and wherein the step of generating the carrier signal includes generating the carrier signal with a frequency that is an integer multiple of the horizontal scan line frequency.
3. The method according to claim 1, where-in the step of generating a data signal includes cod-ing the data signal with identifying data related to transmission of the television signal.
4. The method according to claim 3, where-in the identifying data include a program identifying signature and time-and-date broadcast information.
5. The method according to claim 1; and further comprising the step of adjusting the low amplitude of the data-modulated signal to a fixed magnitude within said range.
6. The method according to claim ; and further comprising the step of adjusting the low amp-litude of the data-m??ulated signal to a variable magnitude within said range.
7. The method according to claim 1; and further comprising the steps of receiving the trans-mitted composite signal, demodulating the received composite signal in timed relation to the modulating step to extract the data signal from the demodulated composite signal, and processing the data signal to form the data.
8. The method according to claim 7; and further comprising digitally formatting the data by combining multiple lines of a field of the picture to constitute a single bit of information, by combining multiple bits to constitute a single character, and by combining multiple characters to constitute the data.
9. The method according to claim 8, where-in the field includes multiple data cells, each com-posed of said multiple lines, each data cell contain-ing different information.
10. The method according to claim 7, where-in the processing step includes storing the data signal for subsequent reference.
11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adding step is performed for each line of the picture.
12. An arrangement for processing data with a television signal having an active video component and a timing component for lines of a picture to be displayed on a viewing area of a television receiver, comprising:
(a) means for generating a carrier signal in timed relation to the timing component of the tele-vision signal;
(b) means for generating a data signal indica-tive of the data to be processed;
(c) means for modulating the carrier signal and the data signal in timed relation to the timing com-ponent of the television signal to form a data-modulat-ing signal having a low amplitude in a range from 0.1 to 2.5 IRE;
(d) means for adding the data-modulated signal to the active video component of the television signal to form an encoded composite signal on a plurality to lines of the picture; and (e) means for transmitting the encoded compo-site signal to the receiver for displaying the picture on the viewing area, said data-modulated signal on said plurality of lines of the picture being substantially invisible to a viewer of the picture due to said low amplitude.
13. The arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the timing component includes a horizontal scan line frequency, and wherein the means for generating the carrier signal is operative for generating the car-rier signal with a frequency that is an integer multiple of the horizontal scan line frequency.
14. The arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the means for generating a data signal is oper-ative for coding the data signal with identifying data related to transmission of the television signal.
15. The arrangement according to claim 14, wherein the identifying data include a program identi-fying signature and time-and-date broadcast information.
16. The arrangement according to claim 12;
and further comprising means for adjusting the low amplitude of the data-modulated signal to a fixed mag-nitude within said range.
17. The arrangement according to claim 12; and further comprising means for adjusting the low amplitude of the data-modulated signal to a variable magnitude within said range.
18. The arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the adding means forms the composite signal on each line of the picture.
19. The arrangement according to claim 12;
and further comprising means for receiving the trans-mitted composite signal, means for demodulating the received composite signal in timed relation to the modulating means to extract the data signal from the demodulated composite signal, and means for processing the data signal to form the data.
20. The arrangement according to claim 19;
and further comprising means for digitally formatting the data by combining multiple lines of a field of the picture to constitute a single bit of information, by combining multiple bits to constitute a single charac-ter, and by combining multiple characters to constitute the data.
21. The arrangement according to claim 20, wherein the field includes multiple data cells, each composed of said multiple lines, each data cell con-taining different information.
22. The arrangement according to claim 19, wherein the processing means includes means for storing the data signal for subsequent reference.
23. An arrangement for encoding data onto a television signal having an active video component and a timing component for lines of a picture to be displayed on a viewing area of a television receiver, comprising:
(a) means for generating a carrier signal in timed relation to the timing component of the television signal;
(b) means for generating a data signal indica-tive of the data to be processed;
(c) means for modulating the carrier signal and the data signal in timed relation to the timing com-ponent of the television signal to form a data-modulated signal having a low amplitude in a range from 0.1 to 2.5 IRE; and (d) means for adding the data-modulated signal to the active video component of the television signal to form an encoded composite signal on a plurality of lines of the picture, said data-modulated signal on said plurality of lines of the picture being substan-tially invisible to a viewer of the picture due to said low amplitude.
24. An arrangement for decoding data en-coded on a data-modulated signal that is transmitted together with, and on multiple lines of, a television signal, comprising:
(a) means for receiving the transmitted data-modulated signal and the television signal on a tele-vision receiver having a viewing area on which a multi-line picture is displayed, said data-modulated signal on each line of the picture having a low amplitude in a range from 0.1 to 2.5 IRE to render the data-modulated signal substantially invisible to a viewer; and (b) means for demodulating the transmitted signals to extract therefrom a data signal indicative of the encoded data.
25. The arrangement according to claim 24;
and further comprising means for storing the data signal for subsequent reference.
26. The method according to claim 2; and further comprising the step of varying the carrier signal frequency.
27. Apparatus for encoding a baseband composite video signal with auxiliary digital data comprising:
a source of said baseband composite video signal;
a source of said auxiliary digital data comprised of bits;
means for generating a modulated carrier having an amplitude and a frequency within the spectral band occupied by said composite video signal, and wherein each respective bit of said auxiliary digital data modulates said carrier over at least two line intervals of said composite video signal; and means for adding said modulated carrier to said baseband composite video signal.
28. The apparatus set forth in claim 27 and further including means responsive to the amplitude of the baseband composite video signal for adjusting the maximum amplitude of said modulated carrier.
29. The apparatus set forth in claim 27 wherein the maximum amplitude of said modulated carrier is in the range of 0.1 to 2.5 IRE.
30. The apparatus set forth in claim 27 wherein said means for generating a modulated carrier includes means for providing said modulated carrier having a 180 degree phase relationship for pairs of successive line intervals.
31. The apparatus set forth in claim 27 wherein said means for generating a modulated carrier includes means for providing a phase shift keyed carrier.
32. The apparatus set forth in claim 27 wherein said means for generating a modulated carrier includes means for varying the frequency of said carrier.
33. Apparatus for decoding a television signal including auxiliary digital data occurring in active portions of a baseband composite video signal, said auxiliary digital data comprised of bits for modulating an auxiliary carrier and conveying information, wherein each respective bit of said auxiliary digital data occupies at least the active portion of a line interval, said apparatus comprising;
means for receiving said television signal and translating it to said baseband video signal;
means responsive to said baseband video signal for demodulating said auxiliary carrier to produce a demodulated auxiliary signal; and means for integrating said demodulated auxiliary signal over intervals occupied by respective said bits to provide said auxiliary digital data.
34. The apparatus set forth in claim 33 wherein said means for integrating said demodulated auxiliary signal over intervals occupied by respective said bits, includes means for aggregating said bits into digital words.
35. The apparatus set forth in claim 33 wherein said means for integrating said demodulated auxiliary signal includes means for aggregating and recording said bits for subsequent retrieval.
CA002106486A 1991-04-23 1992-04-16 Broadcast verification system Abandoned CA2106486A1 (en)

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US07/690,111 US5200822A (en) 1991-04-23 1991-04-23 Arrangement for and method of processing data, especially for identifying and verifying airing of television broadcast programs
US690,111 1991-04-23

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JP (1) JPH06506809A (en)
AU (1) AU663087B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2106486A1 (en)
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US5200822A (en) 1993-04-06
AU663087B2 (en) 1995-09-28
JPH06506809A (en) 1994-07-28
TW240367B (en) 1995-02-11
MX9201852A (en) 1992-10-01
EP0581903A1 (en) 1994-02-09
AU1877092A (en) 1992-11-17
NZ242232A (en) 1995-07-26
EP0581903A4 (en) 1994-09-07
WO1992019073A1 (en) 1992-10-29

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