CA1290393C - Manifold seal structure for fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Manifold seal structure for fuel cell stackInfo
- Publication number
- CA1290393C CA1290393C CA000552783A CA552783A CA1290393C CA 1290393 C CA1290393 C CA 1290393C CA 000552783 A CA000552783 A CA 000552783A CA 552783 A CA552783 A CA 552783A CA 1290393 C CA1290393 C CA 1290393C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- openings
- stack
- manifold
- gaskets
- manifolds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
- H01M8/2485—Arrangements for sealing external manifolds; Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract Improved Manifold Seal Structure For Fuel Cell Stack The seal between the sides of a fuel cell stack and the gas manifolds is improved by adding a mechanical interlock between the adhesive sealing strip and the abutting surface of the manifolds. The adhesive is a material which can flow to some extent when under compression, and the mechanical interlock is formed providing small openings in the portion of the manifold which abuts the adhesive strip. When the manifolds are pressed against the adhesive strips, the latter will flow into and through the manifold openings to form buttons or ribs which mechanically interlock with the manifolds. These buttons or ribs increase the bond between the manifolds and adhesive, which previously relied solely on the adhesive nature of the adhesive.
Description
3~;~
Description Improved ManiEold Seal Structure For Fuel Cell Stack Technical Field This invention relates to an improved seal for use in mountinq qas mani~olds on fuel cell stacks.
Backqround Art Fuel cell stacks which utilize qaseous reactants conventionally are provided with oPposed pairs oE side manifolds which distribute the reactant gases to the cells in the stack, and which qather reactant exhaust gases ~rom the cells in the stack. In the larger commercial stacks, the maniEolds may take the form oE
large shells which abut the sides of the stack and are secured in place by some sort o~ Easteninq means. U.S.
Patent No. 4,3g5,009 granted August 17, 1982, is illustrative of such a commerical stack and manifold construction.
When this type o~ construction is used, care must be taken to seal the edqes oE the maniEold aqainst the stack so that the reactant qases and the exhaust gases will not escape into the amhient surroundinqs. This seal has been eEEected with elastomeric qaskets and also with elastomeric adhesive qaskets. The elastomeric qaskets rely on the com~ression Eorces o~
the mechanism which secures the manifold to the stack for their inteqrity. The elastomeric adhesive qaskets , .
~3V3~3 will provide a more stable seal because they rely on compression forces plus adhesion to the stack and to the manifold for their integrity.
This invention relates to an improvement in the elastomeric adhesive seal provided by the gaskets. The improved seal will disPlay better stability under pressure excursion conditions in the manifolds, i.e., when changes in manifold pressure occur quickly and with some degree of magnitude due to gas flow rate changes which occur in the system. These flow rate changes can result from intentional changes in operating conditions, such as, power o-utput variations, or they can result from unintentional phenomena, such as, flow passage restriction or blockage, or the like.
With the improved seal of this invention, there is formed a mechanical interlock between the sealing gasket and the manifold flange which engaqes the sealing qasket. The gasket used in this invention is preferably the adhesive elastomeric gasket oE the prior art, so that, as modified, the seal has the compression characteristic, the adhesion characteristic, and also a mechanical interlock characteristic. The mechanical interlock between the sealing gasket and the manifold flange is obtained by Eorminq discreet openings in the manifold Elange. These openings may be formed by drilling, millinq or the like. The aforesaid openings are Eormed on the manifold flange which abuts the sealing gasket and is compressed by the pressure of the securement means used to hold the manifolds against the stack. The sealing gaskets are, to a certain extent, inherently flowable when placed 33~33 \
under compression, thus, the gasket material will extrude into and flow through the flange openings as a result of the compressive forces imposed upon the gasket by the manifolds. The gaskets will thus form integral rivet-like mechanical interlocks with the manifold at each of the openings. These mechanical interlocks can only be broken if the gaskets were forced by pressure -to flow back out of the openings, or if the gaskets were torn at the rivet-like con-nectors. It is thus readily apparent that the seal formed in accordance with this invention will be more resistant to pressure-induced failure.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved seal between a fuel cell stack -and associated gas manifolds mounted on the stack.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a seal of the character described wherein an adhesive sealing gaske-t is extruded through restricted openings in manifold flanges to form in-tegral rivet-like connections between the gasket and the manifold.
In accordance with the invention there is provided an electrochemical cell stack assembly comprising:
(a) a s-tack of electrochemical cells adapted to use gaseous reactants in an electrochemical reaction, said stack having side walls through which the gaseous reactants are admitted to -the cells;
(b) a plurality of gas manifolds mounted on said staclc adjacent said side walls, each of said manifoLds having edge sealing flanges thereon;
~Z9~)3~33 .
- 3a -(c) a plurality of sealing gaskets sandwiched be-tween said manifold edge sealing flanges and said s-tack side wall to seal the mani-fo]d interior from ambient surroundings;
(d) each of said manifold edge sealing flanges having a plurality of openings formed therein; and ~e) means for pressing said manifold edge seal-ing flanges against said sealing gaskets sufficiently to cause localized portions of said gaskets to extrude into said manifold sealing flange openings to form protruding interlocks between said gaskets and said sealing flanges which resist lateral move-ment of said manifolds relative to said gaskets.
These and other objects and advantages will become rnore readily apparatent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention when taken in conjunction with -the accompanying drawings.
Brief Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is a fragmented horizontal sectional view of a corner of a fuel cell stack employing the sealing structure of this invention;
~9~393 Fig. 2 is a fragmented perspective view of a gas manifold used with the stack of Fiq. l showinq the sealing flange and several varieties of openings that can be used to effect the seal of this invention;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2 showinq details of the flanqe openings: and Fig. 4 is a ~raqmented horizontal sectional view of the seal showinq the inteqral rivet-like connection found between the qasket and manifold flange.
~est Mode for Carryinq Out the Invention Referring now to the drawings r there is shown in Fig. 1 a sectional view of a corner of a fuel cell stack formed in accordance with this invention. The stack, denoted qenerally bv the numeral 2, includes the component plates 4 and the gas manifolds 6 and 8. It will be understood that the plates 4 are rectanqularly shaped and there are four manifolds in total, one on each side of the stack 2. Certain ones oE the plates 4 have qrooves lO which open into the manifolds 8 and through which a qaseous reactant is delivered to the reacting zones of the stack 2. It will be also understood that similar qrooves open into the manifold 6 from other of the Plates 4 to deliver the other gaseous reactants to the reactinq zones of the stack 2.
The manifolds 6 and 8 may be pressed against the stack 2 as for exam~le, hy bands 12 which encircle the manifolds 6 and 8 and the stack 2. Alternatively, tie rods could he used. Each manifold has side walls l4 which merge into outwardly extendinq sealinq flanqes 16 havinq upturned free ends 18. Sandwiched bewteen the ~.%~03~3 flanges 16 and the plates 14 are gasket strips 20. The gasket strips are formed from Gore-Tex~, a PTF~
material which possesses some flow capabilities under pressure, and which is coated with a fluorocarbon polymer adhesive for this application. Gore-Tex~ is a trademark for a flowable polytetrafluoroeth~lene material having a fibrous texture which is manufactured by W. L. Gore and Associates, Inc., Elkton, Maryland.
This material is described in V.S. Patent Nos.
Description Improved ManiEold Seal Structure For Fuel Cell Stack Technical Field This invention relates to an improved seal for use in mountinq qas mani~olds on fuel cell stacks.
Backqround Art Fuel cell stacks which utilize qaseous reactants conventionally are provided with oPposed pairs oE side manifolds which distribute the reactant gases to the cells in the stack, and which qather reactant exhaust gases ~rom the cells in the stack. In the larger commercial stacks, the maniEolds may take the form oE
large shells which abut the sides of the stack and are secured in place by some sort o~ Easteninq means. U.S.
Patent No. 4,3g5,009 granted August 17, 1982, is illustrative of such a commerical stack and manifold construction.
When this type o~ construction is used, care must be taken to seal the edqes oE the maniEold aqainst the stack so that the reactant qases and the exhaust gases will not escape into the amhient surroundinqs. This seal has been eEEected with elastomeric qaskets and also with elastomeric adhesive qaskets. The elastomeric qaskets rely on the com~ression Eorces o~
the mechanism which secures the manifold to the stack for their inteqrity. The elastomeric adhesive qaskets , .
~3V3~3 will provide a more stable seal because they rely on compression forces plus adhesion to the stack and to the manifold for their integrity.
This invention relates to an improvement in the elastomeric adhesive seal provided by the gaskets. The improved seal will disPlay better stability under pressure excursion conditions in the manifolds, i.e., when changes in manifold pressure occur quickly and with some degree of magnitude due to gas flow rate changes which occur in the system. These flow rate changes can result from intentional changes in operating conditions, such as, power o-utput variations, or they can result from unintentional phenomena, such as, flow passage restriction or blockage, or the like.
With the improved seal of this invention, there is formed a mechanical interlock between the sealing gasket and the manifold flange which engaqes the sealing qasket. The gasket used in this invention is preferably the adhesive elastomeric gasket oE the prior art, so that, as modified, the seal has the compression characteristic, the adhesion characteristic, and also a mechanical interlock characteristic. The mechanical interlock between the sealing gasket and the manifold flange is obtained by Eorminq discreet openings in the manifold Elange. These openings may be formed by drilling, millinq or the like. The aforesaid openings are Eormed on the manifold flange which abuts the sealing gasket and is compressed by the pressure of the securement means used to hold the manifolds against the stack. The sealing gaskets are, to a certain extent, inherently flowable when placed 33~33 \
under compression, thus, the gasket material will extrude into and flow through the flange openings as a result of the compressive forces imposed upon the gasket by the manifolds. The gaskets will thus form integral rivet-like mechanical interlocks with the manifold at each of the openings. These mechanical interlocks can only be broken if the gaskets were forced by pressure -to flow back out of the openings, or if the gaskets were torn at the rivet-like con-nectors. It is thus readily apparent that the seal formed in accordance with this invention will be more resistant to pressure-induced failure.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved seal between a fuel cell stack -and associated gas manifolds mounted on the stack.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a seal of the character described wherein an adhesive sealing gaske-t is extruded through restricted openings in manifold flanges to form in-tegral rivet-like connections between the gasket and the manifold.
In accordance with the invention there is provided an electrochemical cell stack assembly comprising:
(a) a s-tack of electrochemical cells adapted to use gaseous reactants in an electrochemical reaction, said stack having side walls through which the gaseous reactants are admitted to -the cells;
(b) a plurality of gas manifolds mounted on said staclc adjacent said side walls, each of said manifoLds having edge sealing flanges thereon;
~Z9~)3~33 .
- 3a -(c) a plurality of sealing gaskets sandwiched be-tween said manifold edge sealing flanges and said s-tack side wall to seal the mani-fo]d interior from ambient surroundings;
(d) each of said manifold edge sealing flanges having a plurality of openings formed therein; and ~e) means for pressing said manifold edge seal-ing flanges against said sealing gaskets sufficiently to cause localized portions of said gaskets to extrude into said manifold sealing flange openings to form protruding interlocks between said gaskets and said sealing flanges which resist lateral move-ment of said manifolds relative to said gaskets.
These and other objects and advantages will become rnore readily apparatent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention when taken in conjunction with -the accompanying drawings.
Brief Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is a fragmented horizontal sectional view of a corner of a fuel cell stack employing the sealing structure of this invention;
~9~393 Fig. 2 is a fragmented perspective view of a gas manifold used with the stack of Fiq. l showinq the sealing flange and several varieties of openings that can be used to effect the seal of this invention;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2 showinq details of the flanqe openings: and Fig. 4 is a ~raqmented horizontal sectional view of the seal showinq the inteqral rivet-like connection found between the qasket and manifold flange.
~est Mode for Carryinq Out the Invention Referring now to the drawings r there is shown in Fig. 1 a sectional view of a corner of a fuel cell stack formed in accordance with this invention. The stack, denoted qenerally bv the numeral 2, includes the component plates 4 and the gas manifolds 6 and 8. It will be understood that the plates 4 are rectanqularly shaped and there are four manifolds in total, one on each side of the stack 2. Certain ones oE the plates 4 have qrooves lO which open into the manifolds 8 and through which a qaseous reactant is delivered to the reacting zones of the stack 2. It will be also understood that similar qrooves open into the manifold 6 from other of the Plates 4 to deliver the other gaseous reactants to the reactinq zones of the stack 2.
The manifolds 6 and 8 may be pressed against the stack 2 as for exam~le, hy bands 12 which encircle the manifolds 6 and 8 and the stack 2. Alternatively, tie rods could he used. Each manifold has side walls l4 which merge into outwardly extendinq sealinq flanqes 16 havinq upturned free ends 18. Sandwiched bewteen the ~.%~03~3 flanges 16 and the plates 14 are gasket strips 20. The gasket strips are formed from Gore-Tex~, a PTF~
material which possesses some flow capabilities under pressure, and which is coated with a fluorocarbon polymer adhesive for this application. Gore-Tex~ is a trademark for a flowable polytetrafluoroeth~lene material having a fibrous texture which is manufactured by W. L. Gore and Associates, Inc., Elkton, Maryland.
This material is described in V.S. Patent Nos.
3,953,566 and 4,187,390. It will be understood that the strips 12 force the manifolds 6 and 8 toward the plates 4 so that the gasket strips 2n are compressed between the plates 4 and the manifold sealing flanges 16.
It will be noted from Fig. 2 that the manifold sealing flanqes 16 have openings therein midway between the edges of the sealing flanges 16. The openings may take several different shapes, as, for example, they may be circular as at 22, or they may be relatively short elonqated slots, as at 24, or even longer slots 26. The preferred shape of the sealing flange openings is circular. It will be noted in Fiq. 3 that the sealing flange openings 22 are formed with chamfers 28 on their inside and outside ends.
Referring to Fig. 4, the interlock between the sealing gaslcet 20 and the sealing ~lange 16 is shown.
When the manifold is pressed against the sides of the stack, the sealinq flange 16 is forced against the gasket 20. The portions of the gasket 20 adjacent the openings 22 will be forced through the openings 22 to form integral rivet-like interlocks with the sealing ~9~)~393 flange 16. The interlocks 30 will each include a reduced neck Portion 32 which merqes into the main body of the gasket 20, and an expanded head portion 34 which flows outwardly somewhat from the openinqs 22 to overlie the surface of the sealing flanqe 1~ remote from the qasket 2n. The chamfers 2~ on the openinqs 22, 24 and 26 will impart a radius to the corners of the interlock neck 32 to increase strenqth and reduce the likelihood of corner fracture.
lo It will be appreciated that manY pressure variations which occur within the manifolds will impinge the gasket 20 at 21 wherehy the qaskets 20 could shift laterally. The interlocks 30 between the gasket 20 and the manifold ~ ~rovide added stahility to the gasket-manifold combination and resist lateral movement of the qasket with respect to the manifolfl.
It will be appreciatefl that the interlock between qasket and manifold is simple to produce and requires very little alteration of existing systems, whereby the latter can readily be retrofitted to enjoy the benefits of the invention.
Since many changes and variations of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the inventive concept, it is not intended to limit the invention otherwise than as required by the appended claims.
It will be noted from Fig. 2 that the manifold sealing flanqes 16 have openings therein midway between the edges of the sealing flanges 16. The openings may take several different shapes, as, for example, they may be circular as at 22, or they may be relatively short elonqated slots, as at 24, or even longer slots 26. The preferred shape of the sealing flange openings is circular. It will be noted in Fiq. 3 that the sealing flange openings 22 are formed with chamfers 28 on their inside and outside ends.
Referring to Fig. 4, the interlock between the sealing gaslcet 20 and the sealing ~lange 16 is shown.
When the manifold is pressed against the sides of the stack, the sealinq flange 16 is forced against the gasket 20. The portions of the gasket 20 adjacent the openings 22 will be forced through the openings 22 to form integral rivet-like interlocks with the sealing ~9~)~393 flange 16. The interlocks 30 will each include a reduced neck Portion 32 which merqes into the main body of the gasket 20, and an expanded head portion 34 which flows outwardly somewhat from the openinqs 22 to overlie the surface of the sealing flanqe 1~ remote from the qasket 2n. The chamfers 2~ on the openinqs 22, 24 and 26 will impart a radius to the corners of the interlock neck 32 to increase strenqth and reduce the likelihood of corner fracture.
lo It will be appreciated that manY pressure variations which occur within the manifolds will impinge the gasket 20 at 21 wherehy the qaskets 20 could shift laterally. The interlocks 30 between the gasket 20 and the manifold ~ ~rovide added stahility to the gasket-manifold combination and resist lateral movement of the qasket with respect to the manifolfl.
It will be appreciatefl that the interlock between qasket and manifold is simple to produce and requires very little alteration of existing systems, whereby the latter can readily be retrofitted to enjoy the benefits of the invention.
Since many changes and variations of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the inventive concept, it is not intended to limit the invention otherwise than as required by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An electrochemical cell stack assembly comprising:
(a) a stack of electrochemical cells adapted to use gaseous reactants in an electrochemical reaction, said stack having side walls through which the gaseous reactants are admitted to the cells;
(b) a plurality of gas manifolds mounted on said stack adjacent said side walls, each of said manifolds having edge sealing flanges thereon;
(c) a plurality of sealing gaskets sandwiched between said manifold edge sealing flanges and said stack side wall to seal the mani-fold interior from ambient surroundings;
(d) each of said manifold edge sealing flanges having a plurality of openings formed therein; and (e) means for pressing said manifold edge seal-ing flanges against said sealing gaskets sufficiently to cause localized portions of said gaskets to extrude into said manifold sealing flange openings to form protruding interlocks between said gaskets and said sealing flanges which resist lateral move-ment of said manifolds relative to said gaskets.
(a) a stack of electrochemical cells adapted to use gaseous reactants in an electrochemical reaction, said stack having side walls through which the gaseous reactants are admitted to the cells;
(b) a plurality of gas manifolds mounted on said stack adjacent said side walls, each of said manifolds having edge sealing flanges thereon;
(c) a plurality of sealing gaskets sandwiched between said manifold edge sealing flanges and said stack side wall to seal the mani-fold interior from ambient surroundings;
(d) each of said manifold edge sealing flanges having a plurality of openings formed therein; and (e) means for pressing said manifold edge seal-ing flanges against said sealing gaskets sufficiently to cause localized portions of said gaskets to extrude into said manifold sealing flange openings to form protruding interlocks between said gaskets and said sealing flanges which resist lateral move-ment of said manifolds relative to said gaskets.
2. The stack assembly of claim 1 wherein said protruding interlocks include reduced diameter neck portions disposed within the confines of said open-ings, and expanded head portions which overlie portions of said flanges remote from said gaskets and surrounding said openings.
3. The stack assembly of claim 2 wherein said openings include chamfered edges which produce radiused corners on said neck portions of said pro-truding interlocks.
4. The stack assembly of claim 3 wherein said openings are round.
5. The stack assembly of claim 3 wherein said openings are elongated slots.
6. The stack assembly of claim 1 wherein said gaskets are formed from adhesive-coated PTFE.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/938,483 US4738905A (en) | 1986-12-03 | 1986-12-03 | Manifold seal structure for fuel cell stack |
| US938,483 | 1986-12-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1290393C true CA1290393C (en) | 1991-10-08 |
Family
ID=25471511
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000552783A Expired - Lifetime CA1290393C (en) | 1986-12-03 | 1987-11-25 | Manifold seal structure for fuel cell stack |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4738905A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1290393C (en) |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4877499A (en) * | 1984-11-05 | 1989-10-31 | The Dow Chemical Company | Membrane unit for electrolytic cell |
| US4892632A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-01-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Combination seal member and membrane holder for an electrolytic cell |
| US4940518A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-07-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Combination seal member and membrane holder for a filter press type electrolytic cell |
| US4898653A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-02-06 | The Dow Chemical Company | Combination electrolysis cell seal member and membrane tentering means |
| US4915803A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-04-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Combination seal and frame cover member for a filter press type electrolytic cell |
| US4886586A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1989-12-12 | The Dow Chemical Company | Combination electrolysis cell seal member and membrane tentering means for a filter press type electrolytic cell |
| US4978590A (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1990-12-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Dry compliant seal for phosphoric acid fuel cell |
| US5246065A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-09-21 | Cadillac Rubber & Plastics, Inc. | Heat exchanger tank incorporating an overmolded gasket |
| US5160474A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-11-03 | Cadillac Rubber & Plastics, Inc. | Overmolded gasket, heat exchanger tank incorporating the same and method for making the same |
| US5354625A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1994-10-11 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Metal-air power supply and air-manager system, and metal-air cell for use therein |
| US5721064A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1998-02-24 | Aer Energy Resources Inc. | Air manager system for reducing gas concentrations in a metal-air battery |
| US5560999A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1996-10-01 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Air manager system for recirculating reactant air in a metal-air battery |
| US5460897A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1995-10-24 | Allied Signal Inc. | Solid oxide fuel cell stacking assembly |
| JP2863083B2 (en) * | 1994-04-01 | 1999-03-03 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Waterproof stopper for connector |
| DE4425186C1 (en) * | 1994-07-16 | 1996-03-07 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Fuel cell arrangement and method for operating a fuel cell arrangement |
| US5622117A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-04-22 | Salco Products, Inc. | Hatch cover having a removable gasket |
| US5873468A (en) * | 1995-11-16 | 1999-02-23 | Sumitomo Sitix Corporation | Thin-plate supporting container with filter means |
| US6106962A (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 2000-08-22 | Aer Energy Resources Inc. | Air manager control using cell voltage as auto-reference |
| US6017649A (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2000-01-25 | M-C Power Corporation | Multiple step fuel cell seal |
| US6050199A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2000-04-18 | Zeftek, Inc. | Hatch cover sealing device |
| US6355371B1 (en) | 1999-08-27 | 2002-03-12 | Plug Power Inc. | Profiled fuel cell flow plate gasket |
| US6261711B1 (en) | 1999-09-14 | 2001-07-17 | Plug Power Inc. | Sealing system for fuel cells |
| GB2387959C (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2005-02-09 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fuel cell compression assembly |
| US7112384B2 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2006-09-26 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Fuel cell manifold seal with rigid inner layer |
| EP1705738A1 (en) * | 2005-03-21 | 2006-09-27 | Sulzer Hexis AG | High temperature fuel cells and multi-component housing installation for a cell stack |
| JP2006298242A (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-11-02 | Asteer Co Ltd | Filler cap |
| US8652589B2 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2014-02-18 | Oerlikon Trading Ag, Truebbach | Permeation barrier layer |
| WO2009149314A2 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | Modular fuel cell stack assembly including anode gas oxidizer and integrated external manifolds for use in fuel cell stack modules |
| US8883365B2 (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2014-11-11 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell stack discrete header |
| KR20140099925A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-08-13 | 클리어엣지 파워 코포레이션 | Fuel cell seal retainer assembly |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4212929A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1980-07-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Fuel cell manifold sealing system |
| US4345009A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1982-08-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Fuel cell stack compressive loading system |
| US4374185A (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1983-02-15 | United Technologies Corporation | High temperature, high pressure chemical resistant seal material |
| JPS59214164A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-12-04 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Layer-built fuel cell |
| DE3427626C1 (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1985-10-17 | TRW United-Carr GmbH, 6000 Frankfurt | Sealing cover |
| JPS6130968U (en) * | 1984-07-28 | 1986-02-25 | 株式会社 富士電機総合研究所 | fuel cell stack |
-
1986
- 1986-12-03 US US06/938,483 patent/US4738905A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1987
- 1987-11-25 CA CA000552783A patent/CA1290393C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4738905A (en) | 1988-04-19 |
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