CA1238723A - Method of x-ray localization - Google Patents
Method of x-ray localizationInfo
- Publication number
- CA1238723A CA1238723A CA000467705A CA467705A CA1238723A CA 1238723 A CA1238723 A CA 1238723A CA 000467705 A CA000467705 A CA 000467705A CA 467705 A CA467705 A CA 467705A CA 1238723 A CA1238723 A CA 1238723A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- spot
- prints
- index
- exposure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/12—Devices for detecting or locating foreign bodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3403—Needle locating or guiding means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/08—Auxiliary means for directing the radiation beam to a particular spot, e.g. using light beams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/50—Clinical applications
- A61B6/502—Clinical applications involving diagnosis of breast, i.e. mammography
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
- A61B90/14—Fixators for body parts, e.g. skull clamps; Constructional details of fixators, e.g. pins
- A61B90/17—Fixators for body parts, e.g. skull clamps; Constructional details of fixators, e.g. pins for soft tissue, e.g. breast-holding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
- A61B2090/376—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation using X-rays, e.g. fluoroscopy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
- A61B90/11—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The disclosure relates to a method for localising the three-dim-ensional position of a spot in an object in conjunction with X-ray ex-posure of the object, in which the object is fixed in a pre-determined position and is exposed by means of an exposure apparatus in two direc-tions each on either side of a centre line at a right angle to the plane of the image for obtaining a first print and a second print, the two-dimensional position of the target spot on the two prints being estab-lished in relation to an index on the prints, and the coordinates of the spot in relation to the indices being processed to obtain control signals for adjustment of a guidance instrument with means for placing in the target spot in the object.
The disclosure relates to a method for localising the three-dim-ensional position of a spot in an object in conjunction with X-ray ex-posure of the object, in which the object is fixed in a pre-determined position and is exposed by means of an exposure apparatus in two direc-tions each on either side of a centre line at a right angle to the plane of the image for obtaining a first print and a second print, the two-dimensional position of the target spot on the two prints being estab-lished in relation to an index on the prints, and the coordinates of the spot in relation to the indices being processed to obtain control signals for adjustment of a guidance instrument with means for placing in the target spot in the object.
Description
~;Z3~'723 APPLICANT: ERICSON, BJ~RN ERIC
INVENTION: A METHOD OF X-RAY LOCALISATION
TECHNICAL fIELD
The present invention relates to a method, in conjunction with the X-ray exposure of an object, of localising the three-dimensional posi-tion of a spot in the object.
BACKGROUND ART
In many contexts, it is desirable to be able to localise a spot within an object and, for e~ample, to guide and insert an instrument to exact position in the spot. This is of particular importance in breast cancer diagnosis using int. al. fine-needle biopsy which may be consid-ered as included in the clinical and cytological components in triplediagnostics. This triple ~iagnostics procedure generally includes mam-mography, clinical examination and cytology. Fine-needle biopsy or fine needle puncture with cytological examination of cell samples from a sus-pected region provide very reliable positive re~ponses. Furtherm~re, it is desirable, using fine-needle biopsy, to be able to indicate a spot by means of a thin wire marker for facilitating subsequent surgical excision biopsy.
OBJECT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The task forming the basis of the present invention is to realise a method of localising, as simply, reliably and rapidly as possible, `~
.:
.
- - . . : . .
' : ~' ' ', ' '',': . ' ~l~r ll~r(c-tlimcn~iona] position of a spo~ in nn ol)jcct, ror cxalllplc a female breast.
SOLUTION
This task is solved according to the present invention in that, aftcr fixa~ion oF thc objcct in a pre-determined position, the obj~ct is exposed by means of an exposure device in two directions, each on either side of a centre line at right ~nyles to the plane of the image `for obtaining a first image print and a second image print, the inven-tion being characterised in that the two-dimensional position of the target spot on the two prints is established in relation to an index on the prints; and that the coordinates of the spot in relation to the indices are processed to obtain control signals for setting of a guid-ance instrument with means for placing in the target spot in the object.
The exposure device and the guidance instrument are placed in the same centre reference from which the right-angle centre line departs. The index is exposed on the print prefersbly simultaneously with the ob-ject for obtaining an exact measurement referenoe.
ADVANTAGES
The method according to the present lnvention makes possible the localisation of a - spot in an object, for example a female breast, with a very high degree of preci~ion in an extremely simple and reliable mannner. By applying the method according to the present inven-tion in coniunction with breast cancer diagnosis, it is possible to attain a spot in a female breast for fine-needle puncture, indication or some form of directed therapy in a simple and rapid man-ner so that the patient need not be subjected to undue stress or excessive discomfort.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The nature of the present invention and its aspects will be more readily understood from the following brief description of ths accompany~
ing Drawings, and discussion relating thereto.
In the accompanying Drawings:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a section of an apparatus for carry-ing out the method according to the present invention, Fig. 2 i5 a front elevation of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of parts included in an apparatus for . ' - ' ~ . ' ~
.
INVENTION: A METHOD OF X-RAY LOCALISATION
TECHNICAL fIELD
The present invention relates to a method, in conjunction with the X-ray exposure of an object, of localising the three-dimensional posi-tion of a spot in the object.
BACKGROUND ART
In many contexts, it is desirable to be able to localise a spot within an object and, for e~ample, to guide and insert an instrument to exact position in the spot. This is of particular importance in breast cancer diagnosis using int. al. fine-needle biopsy which may be consid-ered as included in the clinical and cytological components in triplediagnostics. This triple ~iagnostics procedure generally includes mam-mography, clinical examination and cytology. Fine-needle biopsy or fine needle puncture with cytological examination of cell samples from a sus-pected region provide very reliable positive re~ponses. Furtherm~re, it is desirable, using fine-needle biopsy, to be able to indicate a spot by means of a thin wire marker for facilitating subsequent surgical excision biopsy.
OBJECT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The task forming the basis of the present invention is to realise a method of localising, as simply, reliably and rapidly as possible, `~
.:
.
- - . . : . .
' : ~' ' ', ' '',': . ' ~l~r ll~r(c-tlimcn~iona] position of a spo~ in nn ol)jcct, ror cxalllplc a female breast.
SOLUTION
This task is solved according to the present invention in that, aftcr fixa~ion oF thc objcct in a pre-determined position, the obj~ct is exposed by means of an exposure device in two directions, each on either side of a centre line at right ~nyles to the plane of the image `for obtaining a first image print and a second image print, the inven-tion being characterised in that the two-dimensional position of the target spot on the two prints is established in relation to an index on the prints; and that the coordinates of the spot in relation to the indices are processed to obtain control signals for setting of a guid-ance instrument with means for placing in the target spot in the object.
The exposure device and the guidance instrument are placed in the same centre reference from which the right-angle centre line departs. The index is exposed on the print prefersbly simultaneously with the ob-ject for obtaining an exact measurement referenoe.
ADVANTAGES
The method according to the present lnvention makes possible the localisation of a - spot in an object, for example a female breast, with a very high degree of preci~ion in an extremely simple and reliable mannner. By applying the method according to the present inven-tion in coniunction with breast cancer diagnosis, it is possible to attain a spot in a female breast for fine-needle puncture, indication or some form of directed therapy in a simple and rapid man-ner so that the patient need not be subjected to undue stress or excessive discomfort.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The nature of the present invention and its aspects will be more readily understood from the following brief description of ths accompany~
ing Drawings, and discussion relating thereto.
In the accompanying Drawings:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a section of an apparatus for carry-ing out the method according to the present invention, Fig. 2 i5 a front elevation of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of parts included in an apparatus for . ' - ' ~ . ' ~
.
2~
carrying out the method according to thc present inv~ntion;
Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the parts illustrated in Fig. 3 but shown in greater detail;
Fig. 5 illustrates the geometric conditions for the present inven-tion;
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of parts of an apparatus For carrying out the method according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the parts illustrated in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Figs. 6 and 7;
Fig. 9 is, on a larger scale, a side elevation of a number of the parts illustrated in Figs. 6-8; and Fig. 10 shows, on a larger scale, a region from Fig. 9.
D~SCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The method according to the present invention will now be described in greater detail in conjunction with the apparatus for its execution as shown on the Drawings. The apparatus includes int. al. a per se known mammograph 1 which may be of the type designated "Scenograph 5ûO T".
The mammograph 1 is pivotal about a shaft 2 which is provided with a scale for the exact setting oF the mammograph 1. A film cassette holder for a film cassette 4 is mounted on an arm 3. A compression plate 5 is disposed above the arm 3 with the film cassette 4. The compression plate 5 is, naturally, vertically movable and has an orifice of, for example, 50 x 40 mm to make possible the insertion of, for instance, a biopsy needle into a breast which is held in a compressed state by means of the compression plate 5 on the arm, and the film cassette holder 4.
The path of radiation from the tube in the mammograph 1 generating the X-rays is illustrated by ghosted lines, the radiation path impinging upon a film in the film cassette holder 4 for generating an exposed print which depicts the exposed breast region. The apparatus illust-rated in Fig. 1 further includes a guidance instrument 6 which is shownin greater detail in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 and parts thereof in Fig. 9.
The above-mentioned parts 3, 4 and 5 may be considered as forming part of the guidance instrument 6, since the parts 3, 4 and 5 are fixed in relation to the mammograph 1, pivotal about the shàft 2. The compression plate 5 is transparent for X-rays so that a greater portion of the ob-ject is exposed than the surface located directly beneath the orifice . ., .
.. . .
,: , ~. . .
.
carrying out the method according to thc present inv~ntion;
Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the parts illustrated in Fig. 3 but shown in greater detail;
Fig. 5 illustrates the geometric conditions for the present inven-tion;
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of parts of an apparatus For carrying out the method according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the parts illustrated in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Figs. 6 and 7;
Fig. 9 is, on a larger scale, a side elevation of a number of the parts illustrated in Figs. 6-8; and Fig. 10 shows, on a larger scale, a region from Fig. 9.
D~SCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The method according to the present invention will now be described in greater detail in conjunction with the apparatus for its execution as shown on the Drawings. The apparatus includes int. al. a per se known mammograph 1 which may be of the type designated "Scenograph 5ûO T".
The mammograph 1 is pivotal about a shaft 2 which is provided with a scale for the exact setting oF the mammograph 1. A film cassette holder for a film cassette 4 is mounted on an arm 3. A compression plate 5 is disposed above the arm 3 with the film cassette 4. The compression plate 5 is, naturally, vertically movable and has an orifice of, for example, 50 x 40 mm to make possible the insertion of, for instance, a biopsy needle into a breast which is held in a compressed state by means of the compression plate 5 on the arm, and the film cassette holder 4.
The path of radiation from the tube in the mammograph 1 generating the X-rays is illustrated by ghosted lines, the radiation path impinging upon a film in the film cassette holder 4 for generating an exposed print which depicts the exposed breast region. The apparatus illust-rated in Fig. 1 further includes a guidance instrument 6 which is shownin greater detail in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 and parts thereof in Fig. 9.
The above-mentioned parts 3, 4 and 5 may be considered as forming part of the guidance instrument 6, since the parts 3, 4 and 5 are fixed in relation to the mammograph 1, pivotal about the shàft 2. The compression plate 5 is transparent for X-rays so that a greater portion of the ob-ject is exposed than the surface located directly beneath the orifice . ., .
.. . .
,: , ~. . .
.
3'7~3 in the compression plate 5.
Fig. 2 ill~strates in greater detail the pivotal capacity oF the mammograph 1 about the shaft 2. For executing the method according to the present invention, a first exposure is taken with the mammograph 1 in the position shown in Fig. 2 From the focal point FA with the film cassette in a first position for generating a film print A, whereafter the mammograph is pivoted and the film cassette is shifted for exposure in the focal point FB and for generating a film print B.
Furthermore, for carrying out the method according to the present invention, use is made of the parts illustrated in block form in Figs.
3 and 4, while employing the graphic principle illustra~ed in Fig. 5.
The exposed prints A and B are placed on a measurement pad 7, the prints show, apart from the spot 8 which it is desirable to localise and ex-amine more closelyj also an index mark 9 on print A and an index mark 10 on print B. The film cassette is arranged ~such that the index 9 and a letter A or other marking are exposed simultanesouly with the object on the print A, and the index 10 together with the letter B on print B, so as to avoid confusion and to realise an exact reference on each print.
A monitoring unit 11 is included in the rneasurement pad 7 and is generally entitled a cursor. For carrying out the measurement, the cursor is first placed on the index of each respective print and thereaFter, directly above the spot which it is desired to localise, so as to ob-tain the polar coordinates of the spot. The measurement pad 7 is coupled to a calculation and guidance unit 12 in which the geometric calculations illustrated in Fig. 5 are carried out and in which signals are generated for operating servo-devices 14 in the guidance instrument 6 proper, by the intermediary of a comparator circuit 13 with figure display in those cases when it is desirable to carry out automatic setting of the guid-ance instrument 6 and~ in such an event~ re-hook-up to the servo-devices is eFfected from the guidance instrument 6.
The servo-devices 14 may be replaced by manual means and some form of indicator for converting the signals from the calculation unit 12 to setting values. This is carried out in the comparator circuit 13 which may also be considered as a difference and trend indicator which includes a figure display, by means of which the guidance instrument :...
: : ' , .~
is set, and a possible fine-needle oan be placed in the target spot.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show the guidance instrument 6 in greater detail and, as will be apparent from these Figures, the arm 3, the film cas-sette holder 4 and the compression plate 5 are associated parts of the guidance instrument. In the orifice in the compression plate 5, it is possible to move an upper needle retainer 16 and a lower needle retainer 17 on the X, Y, and Z axes. The lower needle retainer 17 is vertically movable independently of the upper needle retainer 16. The needle re-tainers 16 and 17 are guided using servo motors 1a, 19 and 20, and the desired position of the needle tip can be read-off on displays for the exact localisation of the needle tip in relation to the value calculated using the calculation unit 12 in such a manner that the needle tip can be placed in the spot or region B illustrated in Fig. 9.
Adjustment of the guidanceinstru~ent 6, and, thereby, the needle retainers is suitably effected such that the position of the ~eedle retainers 16, 17 on the X, Y and Z axes is first set, whereafter the fine-needIe is placed in the retainers 16 and 17, and, on abutment ag-ainst the upper retainer 16, the needle tip is in the correct position.
This adjustment may very well be executed using the servo devices, while the vertical motion of the lower needle retainer 17 or needle guider is efFected manually. With the needle retainers 16 and 17 in the cor-rect position, an acoustic signal is generated which may possibly also be combined with a light signal. This is illustrated in greater detail in Fig. 9. In this case, it is desirable to carry out closer examination ~5 of region 8 of the female breast 21, which is compressed between the film cassette holder 4 and the compression plate 5 and has been in such state d~ring exposure of the two prints A and B and a subsequent input using the cursor on the measurement pad 7 and the following calculations of adjustment values for the guidance instrument 6. It should, here, be observed that all parts included in the apparatus are, as it were, "on-line", which ensures a very rapid execution of the method.
According to Fig. 9, the needle 15 shall be moved from the position shown by ghosted lines to the position shown by solid lines. After set- -ting of the X and Y axes of the needle retainers 1fi and 17, the lower needle retainer is employed for insertion of the biopsy needle to the region 8. Different steps may be implemented, depending on the structure .
8'~3 of the biopsy needle.
Fig. 10 illustrates how a marker wire 22 is placed in the region 8 so as, on later surgical excision, to guide the surgeon to the region a. It is an extremely delicate, if not entirely impossible operation to Find region 8 without the help of the wire marker, since the region 8 may be as small as one or two mm.
The method according to the present invention greatly facilitates breast cancer diagnosis and, above all, makes for developments of the earlier mammography in an extremely rational and reliable manner. The method according to the present invention also makes for an extensive development of the methodology of mammography examination without en-tailing greatly increased burdening of therapeutic activities. The pre-sent invention also provides the possibility of a considerable refine-ment of therapeutic methods in an extremely gentle and careful manner and at low cost. Employment of the method according to the present in-vention also makes for considerably earlier identification of malignant areas during the most occult stages, whereby treatment without surgery may be conceivable.
2û
- . - , , .
.
. ' . '' .: ~ ', ,. '- . , .
~ - .
.
Fig. 2 ill~strates in greater detail the pivotal capacity oF the mammograph 1 about the shaft 2. For executing the method according to the present invention, a first exposure is taken with the mammograph 1 in the position shown in Fig. 2 From the focal point FA with the film cassette in a first position for generating a film print A, whereafter the mammograph is pivoted and the film cassette is shifted for exposure in the focal point FB and for generating a film print B.
Furthermore, for carrying out the method according to the present invention, use is made of the parts illustrated in block form in Figs.
3 and 4, while employing the graphic principle illustra~ed in Fig. 5.
The exposed prints A and B are placed on a measurement pad 7, the prints show, apart from the spot 8 which it is desirable to localise and ex-amine more closelyj also an index mark 9 on print A and an index mark 10 on print B. The film cassette is arranged ~such that the index 9 and a letter A or other marking are exposed simultanesouly with the object on the print A, and the index 10 together with the letter B on print B, so as to avoid confusion and to realise an exact reference on each print.
A monitoring unit 11 is included in the rneasurement pad 7 and is generally entitled a cursor. For carrying out the measurement, the cursor is first placed on the index of each respective print and thereaFter, directly above the spot which it is desired to localise, so as to ob-tain the polar coordinates of the spot. The measurement pad 7 is coupled to a calculation and guidance unit 12 in which the geometric calculations illustrated in Fig. 5 are carried out and in which signals are generated for operating servo-devices 14 in the guidance instrument 6 proper, by the intermediary of a comparator circuit 13 with figure display in those cases when it is desirable to carry out automatic setting of the guid-ance instrument 6 and~ in such an event~ re-hook-up to the servo-devices is eFfected from the guidance instrument 6.
The servo-devices 14 may be replaced by manual means and some form of indicator for converting the signals from the calculation unit 12 to setting values. This is carried out in the comparator circuit 13 which may also be considered as a difference and trend indicator which includes a figure display, by means of which the guidance instrument :...
: : ' , .~
is set, and a possible fine-needle oan be placed in the target spot.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show the guidance instrument 6 in greater detail and, as will be apparent from these Figures, the arm 3, the film cas-sette holder 4 and the compression plate 5 are associated parts of the guidance instrument. In the orifice in the compression plate 5, it is possible to move an upper needle retainer 16 and a lower needle retainer 17 on the X, Y, and Z axes. The lower needle retainer 17 is vertically movable independently of the upper needle retainer 16. The needle re-tainers 16 and 17 are guided using servo motors 1a, 19 and 20, and the desired position of the needle tip can be read-off on displays for the exact localisation of the needle tip in relation to the value calculated using the calculation unit 12 in such a manner that the needle tip can be placed in the spot or region B illustrated in Fig. 9.
Adjustment of the guidanceinstru~ent 6, and, thereby, the needle retainers is suitably effected such that the position of the ~eedle retainers 16, 17 on the X, Y and Z axes is first set, whereafter the fine-needIe is placed in the retainers 16 and 17, and, on abutment ag-ainst the upper retainer 16, the needle tip is in the correct position.
This adjustment may very well be executed using the servo devices, while the vertical motion of the lower needle retainer 17 or needle guider is efFected manually. With the needle retainers 16 and 17 in the cor-rect position, an acoustic signal is generated which may possibly also be combined with a light signal. This is illustrated in greater detail in Fig. 9. In this case, it is desirable to carry out closer examination ~5 of region 8 of the female breast 21, which is compressed between the film cassette holder 4 and the compression plate 5 and has been in such state d~ring exposure of the two prints A and B and a subsequent input using the cursor on the measurement pad 7 and the following calculations of adjustment values for the guidance instrument 6. It should, here, be observed that all parts included in the apparatus are, as it were, "on-line", which ensures a very rapid execution of the method.
According to Fig. 9, the needle 15 shall be moved from the position shown by ghosted lines to the position shown by solid lines. After set- -ting of the X and Y axes of the needle retainers 1fi and 17, the lower needle retainer is employed for insertion of the biopsy needle to the region 8. Different steps may be implemented, depending on the structure .
8'~3 of the biopsy needle.
Fig. 10 illustrates how a marker wire 22 is placed in the region 8 so as, on later surgical excision, to guide the surgeon to the region a. It is an extremely delicate, if not entirely impossible operation to Find region 8 without the help of the wire marker, since the region 8 may be as small as one or two mm.
The method according to the present invention greatly facilitates breast cancer diagnosis and, above all, makes for developments of the earlier mammography in an extremely rational and reliable manner. The method according to the present invention also makes for an extensive development of the methodology of mammography examination without en-tailing greatly increased burdening of therapeutic activities. The pre-sent invention also provides the possibility of a considerable refine-ment of therapeutic methods in an extremely gentle and careful manner and at low cost. Employment of the method according to the present in-vention also makes for considerably earlier identification of malignant areas during the most occult stages, whereby treatment without surgery may be conceivable.
2û
- . - , , .
.
. ' . '' .: ~ ', ,. '- . , .
~ - .
.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method for localizing the three-dimensional position of a spot in an object in conjunction with the x-ray exposure of said object comprising clamping the object in a predetermined position, obtaining a first print of at least said spot in said object by exposure of the object to a source of x-rays in a first direction from the first position on one side of a centre line at right angles to the image plane of the first print, providing a first index on said first print, and with the object remaining clamped in the same predetermined position, obtaining a second print of said spot by exposure of the object to said source of x-rays in a second direction from a second position on the other side of said centre line, providing a second index on the second print, establishing the two-dimensional position of the spot on the two image prints in relation to the index on the prints, and processing the coordinates of the spot in relation to the indices for determination of the three-dimensional position of said spot so as to enable control of a guidance instrument to the spot located in the object.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the prints are exposed together with their indexes on one and the same film for placement on a measurement table after development.
3. The method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the first print and the second print are exposed on film in a cassette, which is shifted from one position for exposure of the first print to another position for exposure of the second print, and an index is exposed on the prints at the same time as the object.
4. The method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the source of x-rays and guidance instrument are placed in the same centre line.
b910/181
b910/181
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8306243A SE8306243L (en) | 1983-11-14 | 1983-11-14 | LOCATION METHODOLOGY |
SE8306243-0 | 1983-11-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1238723A true CA1238723A (en) | 1988-06-28 |
Family
ID=20353297
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000467705A Expired CA1238723A (en) | 1983-11-14 | 1984-11-13 | Method of x-ray localization |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4727565A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0146511B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE60892T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1238723A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3484129D1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE8306243L (en) |
Families Citing this family (131)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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EP0288187A1 (en) * | 1987-04-10 | 1988-10-26 | Harry Haitak Chen | Portable compression grid and needle holder |
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-
1983
- 1983-11-14 SE SE8306243A patent/SE8306243L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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1984
- 1984-11-08 EP EP84850345A patent/EP0146511B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1984-11-08 AT AT84850345T patent/ATE60892T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-08 DE DE8484850345T patent/DE3484129D1/en not_active Revoked
- 1984-11-13 US US06/670,787 patent/US4727565A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-11-13 CA CA000467705A patent/CA1238723A/en not_active Expired
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US4727565A (en) | 1988-02-23 |
EP0146511A2 (en) | 1985-06-26 |
SE8306243D0 (en) | 1983-11-14 |
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