CA1225555A - Endoscope - Google Patents
EndoscopeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1225555A CA1225555A CA000472777A CA472777A CA1225555A CA 1225555 A CA1225555 A CA 1225555A CA 000472777 A CA000472777 A CA 000472777A CA 472777 A CA472777 A CA 472777A CA 1225555 A CA1225555 A CA 1225555A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- handle
- gearwheels
- crown
- endoscope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
- A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
- A61B1/0052—Constructional details of control elements, e.g. handles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
- Y10T74/19358—Laterally slidable gears
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19949—Teeth
- Y10T74/19963—Spur
- Y10T74/19972—Spur form
Abstract
Docket No. ID-1139 ABSTRACT
Title: Endoscope An endoscope has a handle portion and a separate shaft portion which can be joined to the handle portion. The shaft portion has a flexible shaft flexing movement of which is controlled by knobs on the handle portion, and this motion is transmitted across the handle/shaft interface by meshing gearwheels. Each tooth of each gearwheel has a crown shaped so as to have a central ridge between sloping sides which facilitate interengagement of the gearwheels when the latter are brought into crown-to-crown engagement in a non-rotating condition.
Title: Endoscope An endoscope has a handle portion and a separate shaft portion which can be joined to the handle portion. The shaft portion has a flexible shaft flexing movement of which is controlled by knobs on the handle portion, and this motion is transmitted across the handle/shaft interface by meshing gearwheels. Each tooth of each gearwheel has a crown shaped so as to have a central ridge between sloping sides which facilitate interengagement of the gearwheels when the latter are brought into crown-to-crown engagement in a non-rotating condition.
Description
i~25~55 Field of the invention.
This invention relates to endoscopes, which are medical instruments for inspecting the cavities of internal organs.
Background of the invention.
Our U.K. Patent Application No. 8319980 (published May 31, 1984 and issued as Patent No. 2,130,091B) discloses an endoscope with a separable handle and shaft. Control knobs on the handle move the distal end of the shaft, and movement is transmitted across the handle/shaft interface by meshing gearwheels. Since neither gearwheel is rotating when the gearwheels are brought together it is possible for the teeth to abut crown-to-crown and in consequence to fail to mesh. The invention aims to provide an endoscope avoiding this problem.
_ mmary of the invention.
According to the invention an endoscope has a shaft and a separable handle and a mechanism for transmitting motion from the handle to the shaft, the mechanism comprising two rotatable gearwheels which are respectively rotatably mounted in the handle and shaft and which are capable of being taken into and out of engagement by relative movement of the handle and shaft, wherein each gearwheel has teeth each of which has a crown shaped so as to have a central ridge positioned between sloping sides which extend from the ridge to the corresponding face of the tooth, the sloping sides of the crowns facilitating interengagement of the gearwheels when the latter are brought into crown-to-crown engagement in a non-rotating condition.
Hence, in the invention the sides of each tooth crown are shaped so that when they come into contact the interaction of one side upon the other effects sufficient rotation of one or other (or both) gearwheels that the teeth mesh smoothly with one another, without there being any risk of the crowns abutting and preventing interengagement of the gearwheels.
Preferably the sides are planar, the minimum angle of inclination (to a notional planar crown) being a function of the coefficient of friction of the material (or materials) of the gearwheels. To a first approximation, the tangent of the angle of inclination of each side is equal to the coefficient of friction of the two gearwheels. For plactics materials, the angle is preferably between 20 and 30, and for acetal 25 has been found to be suitable.
The mechanism preferably transmits from the handle to the shaft motion which causes flexing of the remote or distal end of the shaft under the control of movement applied to adjusting members such as control knobs on the endoscope handle. Preferably the handle has a pair of gearwheels and the shaft has a pair of gearwheels respectively engaged with the pair of gearwheels of the handle, the two pairs of gearwheels providing for controlled flexing of the shaft in two mutually orthogonal planes.
3 1225S5~
The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 and 2 respectively show a handle and part of a shaft of an endoscope according to the invention, and Figure 3 shows the shape of a tooth of a gearwheel of a mechanism for transmitting motion across the handle/shaft interface.
Figure 1 shows a handle portion 10 which has two rotatable knobs 11,12 for transmitting movement to respective gear-wheels 13,14. When the handle portion 10 and the shaft portion 15 are brought together, the gearwheels 13,14 respectively mesh with gearwheels 17,18 on the shaft por-tion 15. The shaft portion 15 has a flexible shaft 16, and flexing movement of the distal end of the shaft 16 is effected by controlled rotation of the knobs 11,12, as disclosed in U.K. Patent No. 2,130,091B. The handle portion 10 and the shaft portion 15 are separable and the 20 movement imparted to the knobs 11,12 is transmitted across the handle/shaft interface by means of the meshing gear-wheels. The meshing gearwheels transmit movement to respec-tive tension elements 19,20 which provide for flexing of the distal end of the shaft 16 in the two mutually ortho-gonal planes.
Since the gearwheels 13,14; 17,18 are brought into mesh with the gearwheels in a non-rotating condition, it is possible for teeth on the two gearwheels to abut in crown-to-crown relationship. If this happens, the teeth are not 30 brought into mesh.
~225~;SS
By recourse to the invention the gearwheels are provided with teeth having the profile shown in Figure 3. Each tooth has opposed, curved faces 22, 24 which converge towards the tooth crown. The crown has a central ridge 26 positioned between sloping sides 28 which extend from the ridge 26 to the corresponding face 22 or 24. Each side 28 of the crown is planar and is inclined at an angle of about 65 to the central axis 30 of the tooth.
This invention relates to endoscopes, which are medical instruments for inspecting the cavities of internal organs.
Background of the invention.
Our U.K. Patent Application No. 8319980 (published May 31, 1984 and issued as Patent No. 2,130,091B) discloses an endoscope with a separable handle and shaft. Control knobs on the handle move the distal end of the shaft, and movement is transmitted across the handle/shaft interface by meshing gearwheels. Since neither gearwheel is rotating when the gearwheels are brought together it is possible for the teeth to abut crown-to-crown and in consequence to fail to mesh. The invention aims to provide an endoscope avoiding this problem.
_ mmary of the invention.
According to the invention an endoscope has a shaft and a separable handle and a mechanism for transmitting motion from the handle to the shaft, the mechanism comprising two rotatable gearwheels which are respectively rotatably mounted in the handle and shaft and which are capable of being taken into and out of engagement by relative movement of the handle and shaft, wherein each gearwheel has teeth each of which has a crown shaped so as to have a central ridge positioned between sloping sides which extend from the ridge to the corresponding face of the tooth, the sloping sides of the crowns facilitating interengagement of the gearwheels when the latter are brought into crown-to-crown engagement in a non-rotating condition.
Hence, in the invention the sides of each tooth crown are shaped so that when they come into contact the interaction of one side upon the other effects sufficient rotation of one or other (or both) gearwheels that the teeth mesh smoothly with one another, without there being any risk of the crowns abutting and preventing interengagement of the gearwheels.
Preferably the sides are planar, the minimum angle of inclination (to a notional planar crown) being a function of the coefficient of friction of the material (or materials) of the gearwheels. To a first approximation, the tangent of the angle of inclination of each side is equal to the coefficient of friction of the two gearwheels. For plactics materials, the angle is preferably between 20 and 30, and for acetal 25 has been found to be suitable.
The mechanism preferably transmits from the handle to the shaft motion which causes flexing of the remote or distal end of the shaft under the control of movement applied to adjusting members such as control knobs on the endoscope handle. Preferably the handle has a pair of gearwheels and the shaft has a pair of gearwheels respectively engaged with the pair of gearwheels of the handle, the two pairs of gearwheels providing for controlled flexing of the shaft in two mutually orthogonal planes.
3 1225S5~
The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 and 2 respectively show a handle and part of a shaft of an endoscope according to the invention, and Figure 3 shows the shape of a tooth of a gearwheel of a mechanism for transmitting motion across the handle/shaft interface.
Figure 1 shows a handle portion 10 which has two rotatable knobs 11,12 for transmitting movement to respective gear-wheels 13,14. When the handle portion 10 and the shaft portion 15 are brought together, the gearwheels 13,14 respectively mesh with gearwheels 17,18 on the shaft por-tion 15. The shaft portion 15 has a flexible shaft 16, and flexing movement of the distal end of the shaft 16 is effected by controlled rotation of the knobs 11,12, as disclosed in U.K. Patent No. 2,130,091B. The handle portion 10 and the shaft portion 15 are separable and the 20 movement imparted to the knobs 11,12 is transmitted across the handle/shaft interface by means of the meshing gear-wheels. The meshing gearwheels transmit movement to respec-tive tension elements 19,20 which provide for flexing of the distal end of the shaft 16 in the two mutually ortho-gonal planes.
Since the gearwheels 13,14; 17,18 are brought into mesh with the gearwheels in a non-rotating condition, it is possible for teeth on the two gearwheels to abut in crown-to-crown relationship. If this happens, the teeth are not 30 brought into mesh.
~225~;SS
By recourse to the invention the gearwheels are provided with teeth having the profile shown in Figure 3. Each tooth has opposed, curved faces 22, 24 which converge towards the tooth crown. The crown has a central ridge 26 positioned between sloping sides 28 which extend from the ridge 26 to the corresponding face 22 or 24. Each side 28 of the crown is planar and is inclined at an angle of about 65 to the central axis 30 of the tooth.
Claims (7)
1. An endoscope having a shaft, a handle separable from the shaft and a mechanism for transmitting motion from the handle to the shaft, the mechanism comprising two rotatable gearwheels which are respectively rotatably mounted in the handle and shaft and which are capable of being taken into and out of engagement by relative movement of the handle and shaft, wherein each gearwheel has teeth each of which has a crown shaped so as to have a central ridge positioned between sloping sides which extend from the ridge to the corresponding face of the tooth, the sloping sides of the crowns facilitating interengagement of the gearwheels when the latter are brought into crown-to-crown engagement in a non-rotating condition.
2. An endoscope according to claim 1, wherein said crown sides are planar, the minimum angle of inclination (to a notional planar crown) being a function of the coefficient of friction of the material (or materials) of the gearwheels.
3. An endoscope according to claim 2, wherein the angle is between 20° and 30°.
4. An endoscope according to claim 3, wherein the gearwheels are of acetal and said angle is 25°.
5. An endoscope according to claim 1 wherein the mechanism transmits from the handle to the shaft motion which causes flexing of the remote or distal end of the shaft under the control of movement applied to adjusting members on the endoscope handle.
6. An endoscope according to claim 5, wherein the handle has a pair of gearwheels and the shaft has a pair of gear-wheels respectively engaged with the pair of gearwheels of the handle, the two pairs of gearwheels providing for controlled flexing of the shaft in two mutually orthogonal planes.
7. An endoscope according to any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the mechanism transmits from the handle to the shaft motion which causes flexing of the remote or distal end of the shaft under the control of movement applied to adjusting members on the endoscope handle.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8403431 | 1984-02-09 | ||
GB08403431A GB2153957B (en) | 1984-02-09 | 1984-02-09 | Endoscope |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1225555A true CA1225555A (en) | 1987-08-18 |
Family
ID=10556336
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000472777A Expired CA1225555A (en) | 1984-02-09 | 1985-01-24 | Endoscope |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4593679A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1225555A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3504364C2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2153957B (en) |
Families Citing this family (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2575435B2 (en) * | 1988-01-06 | 1997-01-22 | 株式会社東芝 | Differential planetary gear set |
US5197649A (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1993-03-30 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Gastrointestinal endoscoptic stapler |
US5310389A (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1994-05-10 | Zexel-Gleason Usa, Inc. | Parallel-axis differential gear tooth modification |
US5632432A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1997-05-27 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical instrument |
DE19509115C2 (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1997-11-27 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Surgical device for preparing an anastomosis using minimally invasive surgical techniques |
USRE38708E1 (en) | 1995-07-11 | 2005-03-01 | United States Surgical Corporation | Disposable loading unit for surgical stapler |
US5752644A (en) * | 1995-07-11 | 1998-05-19 | United States Surgical Corporation | Disposable loading unit for surgical stapler |
US5976075A (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-11-02 | University Of Massachusetts | Endoscope deployment apparatus |
US6315184B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2001-11-13 | Powermed, Inc. | Stapling device for use with an electromechanical driver device for use with anastomosing, stapling, and resecting instruments |
US6264087B1 (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2001-07-24 | Powermed, Inc. | Expanding parallel jaw device for use with an electromechanical driver device |
US7695485B2 (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2010-04-13 | Power Medical Interventions, Llc | Surgical device |
US8025199B2 (en) | 2004-02-23 | 2011-09-27 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Surgical cutting and stapling device |
US6793652B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2004-09-21 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Electro-mechanical surgical device |
US6716233B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2004-04-06 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Electromechanical driver and remote surgical instrument attachment having computer assisted control capabilities |
US6517565B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2003-02-11 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Carriage assembly for controlling a steering wire steering mechanism within a flexible shaft |
US7951071B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2011-05-31 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Moisture-detecting shaft for use with an electro-mechanical surgical device |
US6491201B1 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2002-12-10 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Fluid delivery mechanism for use with anastomosing, stapling, and resecting instruments |
US7032798B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2006-04-25 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Electro-mechanical surgical device |
US6443973B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2002-09-03 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Electromechanical driver device for use with anastomosing, stapling, and resecting instruments |
US8229549B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2012-07-24 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Surgical imaging device |
US6981941B2 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2006-01-03 | Power Medical Interventions | Electro-mechanical surgical device |
US6533157B1 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2003-03-18 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Tissue stapling attachment for use with an electromechanical driver device |
US8016855B2 (en) | 2002-01-08 | 2011-09-13 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Surgical device |
US6488197B1 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2002-12-03 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Fluid delivery device for use with anastomosing resecting and stapling instruments |
US6348061B1 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2002-02-19 | Powermed, Inc. | Vessel and lumen expander attachment for use with an electromechanical driver device |
WO2002085218A2 (en) | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Bipolar or ultrasonic surgical device |
ES2307745T3 (en) | 2001-04-20 | 2008-12-01 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | IMAGE FORMATION DEVICE. |
US9113878B2 (en) | 2002-01-08 | 2015-08-25 | Covidien Lp | Pinion clip for right angle linear cutter |
ES2361151T3 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2011-06-14 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | SURGICAL DEVICE FOR IMAGE FORMATION. |
JP4464816B2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2010-05-19 | パワー メディカル インターベンションズ, エルエルシー | Surgical device |
CN1684626A (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2005-10-19 | 能量医学介入公司 | Self-contained sterilizable surgical system |
US7285088B2 (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2007-10-23 | Olympus Corporation | Endoscope apparatus |
JP5425786B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2014-02-26 | コヴィディエン リミテッド パートナーシップ | Surgical equipment |
CA2698329C (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2016-04-26 | Power Medical Interventions, Llc | Surgical device |
JP2011510789A (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2011-04-07 | ザ トラスティーズ オブ コロンビア ユニバーシティ イン ザ シティ オブ ニューヨーク | Remote endoscope handle manipulation |
US9706907B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2017-07-18 | Institute For Cancer Research | Remote endoscope handle manipulation |
DE102021102011A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2022-07-28 | Ambu A/S | Two-level bending endoscope |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1481720A (en) * | 1922-08-17 | 1924-01-22 | Ljungstroms Angturbin Ab | Toothed gearing |
-
1984
- 1984-02-09 GB GB08403431A patent/GB2153957B/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-01-24 CA CA000472777A patent/CA1225555A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-04 US US06/697,807 patent/US4593679A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-02-08 DE DE3504364A patent/DE3504364C2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3504364C2 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
GB2153957A (en) | 1985-08-29 |
GB2153957B (en) | 1986-11-26 |
DE3504364A1 (en) | 1985-08-22 |
GB8403431D0 (en) | 1984-03-14 |
US4593679A (en) | 1986-06-10 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MKEX | Expiry | ||
MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20050124 |