CA1218455A - Device for determining the speed, distance traversed, elapsed time and calories expended by a person while running - Google Patents

Device for determining the speed, distance traversed, elapsed time and calories expended by a person while running

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Publication number
CA1218455A
CA1218455A CA000447050A CA447050A CA1218455A CA 1218455 A CA1218455 A CA 1218455A CA 000447050 A CA000447050 A CA 000447050A CA 447050 A CA447050 A CA 447050A CA 1218455 A CA1218455 A CA 1218455A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
signal
time
output
speed
foot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000447050A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Edward C. Frederick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nike International Ltd
Original Assignee
Nike International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nike International Ltd filed Critical Nike International Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1218455A publication Critical patent/CA1218455A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B47/00—Time-pieces combined with other articles which do not interfere with the running or the time-keeping of the time-piece
    • G04B47/06—Time-pieces combined with other articles which do not interfere with the running or the time-keeping of the time-piece with attached measuring instruments, e.g. pedometer, barometer, thermometer or compass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C22/00—Measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, persons, animals or other moving solid bodies, e.g. using odometers, using pedometers
    • G01C22/006—Pedometers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/50—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring linear speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0619—Displays, user interfaces and indicating devices, specially adapted for sport equipment, e.g. display mounted on treadmills
    • A63B2071/0658—Position or arrangement of display
    • A63B2071/0661—Position or arrangement of display arranged on the user
    • A63B2071/0663—Position or arrangement of display arranged on the user worn on the wrist, e.g. wrist bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry

Abstract

A DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE SPEED, DISTANCE
TRAVERSED, ELAPSED TIME AND CALORIES EXPENDED
BY A PERSON WHILE RUNNING
ABSTRACT
A device for measuring the speed of a person while running along a surface is disclosed. A pressure switch or transducer located in a shoe senses when a foot of the runner is in contact with the sur-face and produces a foot contact signal having a duration proportional to the time the foot is in contact with the surface. A radio frequency transmitter is coupled to the pressure switch or transducer and trans-mits the foot contact signal. A radio frequency transmitter receives the foot contact signal transmitted by the frequency transmitter and a microprocessor coupled to the radio frequency receiver calculates, solely from the foot contact signal, an output speed signal representing the speed of the runner. A liquid crystal display coupled to the output of the microprocessor displays the speed of the runner in accordance with the output speed signal.

Description

~2~845~

A DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE SPEED, DISTANCE
TRAVERSED, ELAPSED TIME AND CALORIES EXPENDED
BY A PERSON WHILE RUNNING
BACK :;ROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to the field of measuring instru-ments and is particularly directed to a method and apparatus for determining the speed, distance traversed, running elapsed time and calories expended by a person while running.
In recent gears, concern over the increasing numbers of cardio-vascular illnesses reported each year has led to much greater public awareness of the importance of maintaining good physical body condi-tioning. This concern has spawned the development of a wide variety of health spas, fitness centers and other similar commercial establish-ments. ~Jhile many of these facilities offer excellent fitness programs, a large number of individuals are foreclosed from participation because they do not have the time, financial resources or a convenient sched-ule to devote to a professionally supervised fitness program. Many individuals have, therefore, turned to their own fitness- program of regular jogging. As used herein, jogging is slso intended to include running and the two words are used interchangably.
Jogging has long been recognized for its therapeutic effects on the body. It increases cardiopulmonary fitness, helps to lower blood pressure, decreases cholesterol and triglycerides associated with heart disease and reduces weight. Jogging is also one of the easiest exer-cises to do. It requires no athletic ability and can be done almost any time and any place with a minimum of equipment and without '~'i"

~2~8~SS

assistance. In more recent times, jogging has also gained acceptance for its recreational value as well and is recognized as a positive fQc-tor in establishing psychological stability. The popularity of jogging today is well documented by the large numbers of products snd litera-ture available to the running public.
As in many exercise and sporting endeavors, there exists in the prior art a wide variety of devices for aiding those who jog. The simplest running aids are basic pacing timers QS disclosed in U.S.
Patent No. 3,540,344 to Veech and U.S. Patent No. 3,882,480 to Greber. Pacing timers generate a repetitive audio tone signal at selected intervals for pacing the strides of the runner. The length of the interval between tones is adjusted to suit the pace of the individual jogger.
There are other running aids known in the prior art such as pedometers as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,053,755 to Sherrill.
These devices usually count the number of steps taken and for a par-ticular stride length, the approximate distance traversed can be deter-mined.
While pacing timers and pedometers are useful to the jogger, they are deficient in several areas. For example, it is known that above a certain speed, stride length begins to increase as speed increases. The relationship of stride length to speed is not directly proportional and is different for each joer. It is, therefore, a dif-ficult t~sk to determine the correct stride length for an indi~idual jog-ger at various speeds. Thus, pacing timers can provide no more than a constant ruMing pHce and pedometers are only useful as an approxi-mation of distance traversed.
Running aids known in the prior art are further deficient in that they add weight to the runner while providing only marginal utility in terms of the amount of information available and its accuracy.
Further, it has become desirable to accurately measure the speed of amateur and professional runners, both in training and during 12~8~55 competition. In the prior art, sl~ch measurements were made with a stop watch timing the runner over a known distance.
Heretofore, it has not been possible to obtain accurate instantaneous speeds of runners using the measuring device currently known in the prior art, With the foregoing in mind~ the ideal running aid should, therefore:
1. be light in weighti
2. serve a number of useful functions;
3. be inexpensive'
4. provide measurements that are readily available to the user;
5. be reliable and easy to use; and
6. provide accurate measurements of speed~ distance traversed, running time elapsed, calories expend-ed and other useful information.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
-It is an object of an aspect of this invention to provide a new and improved running aid which overcomes the disadvantages o~ the prior art devices and substantially increases the amount and accuracy of information available to the jogger.
An object Ol an aspect of this invention is to pro vide a new and improved running aid in which the speed of the 2~ runner or jogger can be easily and accurately determined.
An object of an aspect of this invention is to pro-vide a new and improved running aid in which the distance traversed by the runner or jogger can be easily and accurate-ly determined.
An object of an aspect of this invention is to pro-vide a new and improved running aid in which the elapsed time of the run can be determined~

~218~5tj An object of an aspect of this invention is to pro-vide a new and improved running aid in which the calories expended by the runner or jogger can be easily determined.
An object of an aspect of this invention is to pro-vide a new and improved running aid which also includesthe date~ time of day~ stop watch and alarm signals.
An object of an aspect of this invention is to pro-vide a new and improved running aid having the above advan-tages which is light in weight, relatively inexpensive and is convenient to use.
Various aspects of the invention are as follows:
A device for measuring the speed of a person while running along a surface~ said device comprising:
a foot contact sensing means for sensing when a foot of the runner is in contact with the surface and pro-ducing a foot contact signal having a duration proportional to the time the foot is in contact with the surface;
transmitting means coupled to said foot contact sensing means for transmitting said foot contact signal;
receiving means for receiving said foot contact signal transmitted by said transmitting means;
processing means coupled to said receiving means for calculating, solely from said foot contact signal, an output signal representing the speed of the runner; and display means coupled to the output of said pro-cessing means for displaying the speed of the runner in accordance with said output speed signal.
A method of measuring the speed of a person while running, said method comprising the steps of:
sensing the time a foot of the runner is in contact with the surface;
processing said contact time to produce a signal representing speed, wherein said speed is the product of the sum -1.46 ~ 41.5 times said length of time; and displaying the speed of the runner in accordance with said signal.

1~18~55 - 4a -By way of added explanation) in one embodiment this invention comprises a measuring apparatus having a foot contact sensing transducer or switch located n the shoe of the jogger cr runner for providing a first out-put signal when a foot of the runner is in contact withthe running surface and a second output signal when the foot is not in contact with the surface. Laboratory tests have shown that a definice relationship exists between the length of time that a foot of a runner is in contact with the running surface and the speed at which the person is running. At speeds between approxi-mately 4 and 12 minutes per mile this relationship is approximately linear and can be accurately determined for each particular person.
Prior to initially using the running aid of the invention, the device is set to a calibration mode in which the precise foot contact timeJspeed relationship of the user is determined. This is accomplished by the user running a measured distance at two relatively constant but distinctly different speeds. In the cali-bration ~ode, the running aid measures and stores the length of each foot contact time, the number of foot contacts and the running elapsed time for each calibra-tion run, and calculates the average foot contact time and speed for each run. Slnce the relationship between contact time and speed is linear, a linear equation is used and the constants for the equation are calculated for the two sets of average foot contact times and asso-ciated speeds. A line drawn between the calculated points, and the linear equation with its specific constant calculated~ thus represents the relationship between foot contact time and speed. Accordingly~ for a given foot contact time~ speed can be accurately determined.

-1;Z184~5 It is anticipated that the running aid will only be calibrated once. The correct foot contact timelspeed relationship for the user, i.e., the constants for the linesr equation, is virtually indefinitely stored and need only be redetermined when the running aid is used by a different person. Alternatively,- the foot contact time/speed relation-ship, i.e., the linear equ~tion with average constants, for the average runner can be initially stored in the running aid and can be used with-out re-calibrating the device. This would relieve the user from having to go through the initial ~alibration process. A suitable empirically determined linear equation with average constants would be y (speed - min./mile) =-1.46 + 41.5 x (contact time in seconds).
In the run mode, the user need only start the device at the beginning of the jog or run. Foot contact time is then determined and converted to speed using the above-described relationship between foot contact time and speed.
Once speed is determined, distance traversed is merely calcul~ted from the product of the speed and elapsed running time. Calories expended may be calculated from the empirically derived equation:
Kilocalories = 0.98 x body weight x distance traversed, with body weight being in kilograms and distance traversed being in kilometers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a jogger showing a foot sen-sor, battery and transmitter in the shoe of the jogger and a receiver and microprocessor worn on his wrist.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of 8 running shoe showing the loca-tion of the foot sensor, battery and transmitter.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship be tween foot con - ---tact time in seconds and speed in minutes per mile.
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the inter-connection of the various elemen~s of the invention.

- ~ 12~84~S

DESCRIPTlON OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now in detail to the drawings, the measuring apparatus of this invention consists of a number of interrelated elements as shown in Figures 1-4. With reference to Figure 1, the invention includes transmitter l, battery 2 and foot sensor 3, 811 of which are located in a shoe of the runner as will ~e explained in more detail below. Also shown in Figure 1 is radio receiver 4 located on the wrist of the user for receiving a transmitted signal from transmitter 1.
Receiver 4 may alternatively be located at a remote site so that the performance of the runner can be monitored by another person.
Coupled to receiver 4 is microprocessor 5 for processing the received signals into the speed of the runner, distance tranversed, running elapsed time and calories expended by the runner, the values of which may selectively be displayed. Microprocessor 5 also provides for nor-mal watch functions, such ~s time of day, date, alarm ~nd stop watch signals which may also be selectively displayed.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of a shoe and illustrates the locs-tion o~ transmitter 1, battery 2 and foot sensor 3. Transmitter 1 and foot sensor 3 sre located in the sole of the shoe with its precise location not being critical as long as foot sensor 3 reliably provides a first output signal representing the foot of the runner being in contact with the ground and a second output signal representing the foot ~f the runner not being in contact with the ground. One suitable loca-tion for foot sensor 3 is in the medial arch area of a midsole. In this area, sufficient pressures are generated to activate the sensor.
The pressures, however, are relatively low compared to pressures gener-ated in other areas of the midsole so that dAmsge to the sensor is minimized. For example, Figure 2 illustrstes transmitter 1 and sensor 3 carried in gas filled chambers of a midsole. 8attery 2 is shown mounted in the side of the shoe so that it may be easily and conven iently replaced when required.

.~

Figure 3 represents the linear relationship between the amount of time in seconds that a foot of the runner is in contact with the running surîace and the speed in miles per minute being run as empiri-cally determined for a particular runner. This relationship, while differ-ent for each person, is linear for the same person over the normal range of running or ~ogging speeds.
Figure 4 shows the interconnection of the various components of the apparatus of the invention. As shown in Figure 4, foot sensor 3 provides e first output signal when the foot of the runner is in con-tact with the running surfsce and a second output signal when the foot is not in contact with the surface. Foot sensor 3 may be a mechanical switch of suitable size and configuration as already known in the art or may be a miniature pressure transducer such as Model No. 140 manufactured by Precision Measuring Company of Ann Arbor, Michigan.
As further shown in Figure 4, the output of sensor 3 is coupled to radio frequency transmitter 1 which includes means for encoding the output of foot sensor 3 onto a transmitted signal. Transmitter 1 T"lay also be of the type already known in the art such as manufactured by National Semiconductor under Model No. LM 1871.
Transmitter 1 may operate on any frequency selected from the 27 MHz or 49 MHz band using amplitude or frequency modulation.
Battery 2 supplies power to transmitter 1.
The transmitted signal from transmitter 1 is received and deco--ded by- receiver 4. Re~eiver 4 may also be of the type known in the prior art such as manufactured by Nstional Semiconductor under Model No. LM 1872. Receiver 4 may also be selectively tuned to receive the signals of several different transmitters operating on different frequen cies so that the performance of several runners may be monitored from a remote location.
Once received and decoded by receiver 4, the transmitted signal is coupled to microprocessor 5. Microprocessor 5 may be selected 121 84~i from various microprocessors known in the prior art, including Model No. CDP 1805AC manufactured by Radio Corporation of America.
Microprocessor S executes R stored program in prom 6 to process the received signals from receiver 4 into the speed of the runner, distance traversed and calories expended. Microprocessor 5 also maintains running elapsed time and provides normal watch functions such as time of day, date, alarm and stop watch timing signals. The various values cslculated by microprocessor 5 are displayed on display 7 through dis-play interface 8. Calibration mode 9, run mode 10 and watch mode 11 of the device are switch selectable through input switch control logic interface 12.
A typical calibration mode will now be described with reference to Figure 4. The calibration mode (g) is entered by depressing a switch which is interfaced to microprocessor 5 through appropriate input switch control logic interface 6. Interface 6 provides any switch debouncing that is required. The user slso inputs a first predetermined distance for the first calibration run as also indicated by box 9. At the beginning of the first calibration run, the cslibration sequence is started by an sppropriate input switch, not shown. During the calibra-tion run, the microprocessor determines the length of each foot con-tact time and the number of foot contacts from the first and second output signals of foot sensor 3. These determined foot contact times and numbers of foot contacts are stored in internal random access memory. At the end of the first calibration run, an aversge foot contact time is calculated by summing all of the foot contact times and dividing by the number of foot contacts. Also, the elapsed time for the run is determined; the speed of the run in minutes per mile is calculated from the elapsed time and distance; and the calculated v~lue of the speed is stored.
In a second calibration run a predetermined distance is again selected by the user and inputted. The calibration run is repeated at a different speed, preferably a substantially different speed, than the lZ~4~;

f}rst calibration r~m. Foot contact times, the number of contacts and elapsed are sgain determined and stored. At the end of the run an average foot contact time and speed in minutes per mile are calcula-ted.
From the first calibraticn run a first set of x,y values (x1,yl) for a graph of foot contact time in seconds (x) versus speed (y) in minutes per mile is determined and stored. From the second calibra-tion run a second set of x,y (foot contact time, speed) values (x2,y2) is determined and stored. Since the speed to foot contact time rela-tionship has been experimentally shown to be linear, a straight line joinin~ these two points would be representative of the foot contact time to speed relationship for the particular runner.
The equation for a straight line is y = A + Bx, wherein B is the slope of the line and A is the y intercept. Thus, once the two sets of x,y values have been determined, the microprocessor can calcu-late the A and B constants for the equation in the following manner snd, thereafter the equation for the straight line (for the particular runner) can be used to calculate the speed y of the runner from foot contact time x.
To calculate the B vaIue (slope) the microprocessor solves the equation B = -Y ~ ~ Y !
X2 - Xl Thereafter the microprocessor determines the A value~ (y intercept) by solving the equation for the slope at the y intercept value, i.e., B = Y? ~ Yn X2 - xo where xO = O and by definition yO = A, so that A = Y2 - Bx2. With the Y2 and x2 values stored from the calibration run and the B value elready calculated, the A value is determined. The calculated A and B values for the particular runner are then stored and the linear :~21~

equation y (speed) = A + Bx (foot contact time) is used in the msnner described hereinafter to determine the speed of the runner merely by determining foot contact time.
A typical run mode sequence will now be described with reference to Figure 4. Run mode 10 is entered at the start of the run or jog by depressing an appropriate switch, not shown, which is coupled to microprocessor 5 through input switch control logic interface 12. As the shoe of the runner containing foot sensor 3, transmitter 1 and battery 2 comes into contact with the surface, a first output sig-nal is generated by sensor 3 representing thst a foot of the runner is in contact with the surface. When the shoe of the runner leaves con-tact with the surface, a second output signal is generated by sensor 3 representing that the foot-of the runner is no longer in contact with -the surface. The first and second output signals are coupled to RF
transmitter 1 and transmitted to receiver 4. The signals received by receiver 4 are coupled to microprocessor 5. Thus, the signals available at microprocessor represents when the foot comes into contact with the ground and when the foot leaves contacts with the ground.
Microprocessor 5 is therefore able to determine the length of time that the foot of the runner is in contact with the surface.
Microprocessor 5 accordingly converts foot cont~ct time to speed using the stored relationship established during the calibration mode.
Preferably, the foot contact time which is used to calculate speed is an average foot contsct time determined by averaging a number of successive foot contact times, for exsmple, eight successive contact times. The cslculated speed is accordingly selectively displayed on dis-play 7 through display interface 8. Interface 8 converts the usually low power output of a microprocessor to signals suitable to drive dis-play 7. Speed is continuously calculated by measuring foot contact time and is instantaneously available for display. Microprocessor 5 also main~ains running elapsed time.

Once speed is calculated, microprocessor 5 calculates distsnce traversed by taking the product of speed and running elapsed time.
The number of calories (in kilocalories) expended during the run, is also cslculated by taking the product of the body weight of the runner in kilograms, distance traversed in kilometers and the constant 0.98.
Running elapsed time, distance traversed and cslories expended also may be selectively displayed on display 7. ~hese values may also be stored in the re~dlwrite memory associated with microprocessor 5 for virtually an indefinite period of time.
In watch mode 11, microprocessor S selectively provides to dis-play 7 normsl watch function such as time of day, date, an alarm sig-nal when a preselected time occurs and the time elapsed from a pre-determined time.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the above pre-ferred embodiment of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a reading of this disclosure. It should be real-ized that the invention is not limited to the psrticulsr embodiment disclosed, but its scope is intended to be governed only by the scope of t~e appended claims.

Claims (39)

- 12 -
1. A device for measuring the speed of a person while running along a surface, said device comprising:
a foot contact sensing means for sensing when a foot of the runner is in contact with the surface and producing a foot contact signal having a duration proportional to the time the foot is in contact with the surface;
transmitting means coupled to said foot contact sensing means for transmitting said foot contact signal;
receiving means for receiving said foot contact signal transmitted by said transmitting means;
processing means coupled to said receiving means for cal-culating, solely from said foot contact signal, an output signal repre-senting the speed of the runner; and display means coupled to the output of said processing means for displaying the speed of the runner in accordance with said output speed signal.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said processing means includes a timer means for producing output time signals representing the date, time of day and the time elapsed from a predetermined time, said display means further comprising means for displaying said date, said time of day and said elapsed time in accordance with said output time signals.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein said processing means fur-ther includes an alarm output signal when a preselected time occurs.
4. The device of claim 1 wherein said processing means fur-ther comprises means for timing a running elapsed time and generating a signal representing the time elapsed from the beginning of the run.
5. The device of claim 4 wherein said processing means fur-ther comprises means for calculating, solely from said foot contact sig-nal and said running elapsed time, an output distance signal represent-ing the distance traversed by the runner and means for displaying said output distance signal.
6. The device of claim 4 wherein said processing means further comprises means for calculating, solely from said foot contact time and said running elapsed time, an output calories expended signal representing the calories expended by the runner during the run, and means for displaying said output calories expended signal.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein said output speed signal is continuously calculated and selectively displayed.
8. The device of claim 7 wherein said output speed signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
9. The device of claim 1 wherein said foot contact sensing means is a switch.
10. The device of claim 1 wherein said foot contact sensing means is a transducer.
11. The device of claim 1 wherein said transmitting means is a radio frequency transmitter.
12. The device of claim 11 wherein said radio frequency transmitter is frequency modulated.
13. The device of claim 1 wherein said receiving means is a radio frequency receiver.
14. The device of claim 13 wherein said radio frequency receiver is capable of receiving a frequency modulated signal.
15. The device of claim 1 wherein said processing means is a microprocessor.
16. The device of claim 1 wherein said display means is a liquid crystal display.
17. A device for measuring the speed of a person while running along a surface, said device comprising:

a pressure switch or transducer for sensing when a foot of the runner is in contact with the surface and producing a foot contact signal having a duration proportional to the time the foot is in contact with the surface, said pressure switch or transducer being located in the shoe of the runner;
a radio frequency transmitter coupled to said pressure switch or transducer for transmitting said foot contact signal;
a radio frequency transmitter for receiving said foot con-tact signal transmitted by said frequency transmitter;
a microprocessor coupled to said radio frequency receiver for calculating, solely from said foot contact signal, an output speed signal representing the speed of the runner; and a liquid. crystal display coupled to the output of said microprocessor for displaying the speed of the runner in accordance with said output speed signal.
18. The device of claim 17 wherein said microprocessor includes a timer means for producing output time signals representing the date, time of day and the time elapsed from a predetermined time, said liquid crystal display further comprising means for displaying said date, said time of day and said elapsed time in accordance with said output time signals.
19. The device of claim 17 wherein said microprocessor fur-ther includes an alarm output signal when a preselected time occurs.
20. The device of claim 17 wherein said microprocessor fur-ther comprises means for timing an elapsed time and generating a sig-nal representing the time elapsed from the beginning of the run.
21. The device of claim 20 wherein said processing means fur-ther comprises means for calculating, solely from said: foot contact sig-nal and said running elapsed time, an output distance signal represent-ing the distance traversed by the runner and means for displaying said output distance signal.
22. The device of claim 20 wherein said processing means further comprises means for calculating, solely from said foot contact time and said running elapsed time, an out-put calories expended signal representing the calories expended by the runner during the run, and means for dis-playing said output calories expended signal.
23. The device of claim 17 wherein said output speed signal is continuously calculated and selectively displayed.
24. The device of claim 23 wherein said output speed signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
25. The device of claim 17 wherein said foot contact sensing means is a switch.
26. A method of measuring the speed of a person while run-ning, said method comprising the steps of: sensing the time a foot of a runner is in contact with the surface;
processing said contact time to produce a signal represent-ing speed, wherein said speed is the product of the sum -1.46 + 41.5x (said contact time); and displaying the speed of the runner in accordance with said signal.
27. The method of claim 26 further comprising the steps of converting said speed to distance traversed and calories expended, wherein said distance traversed is the product of said speed times the elapsed time of the run and the said calories expended is the product of the body weight of the runner in kilograms times said distance traversed in kilo-meter times the constant 0.98.
28. The device of claim 20 wherein said running elapsed time signal is continuously calculated and selectively dis-played.
29. The device of claim 21 wherein said output distance signal is continuously calculated and selectively displayed.
30. The device of claim 22 wherein said output calories expended signal is continuously calculated and selectively displayed.
31. The device of claim 28 wherein said running elapsed time signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
32. The device of claim 29 wherein said output distance signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
33. The device of claim 30 wherein said output calories expended signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
34. The device of claim 4 wherein said running elapsed time signal is continuously calculated and selectively displayed.
35. The device of claim 5, wherein said output distance signal is continuously calculated and selectively displayed.
36. The device of claim 6 wherein said output calories expended signal is continuously calculated and selectively displayed.
37. The device of claim 4 wherein said running elapsed time signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
38. The device of claim 5 wherein said output distance signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
39. The device of claim 6 wherein said output calories expended signal may be stored for a virtually indefinite period of time and selectively displayed.
CA000447050A 1983-02-09 1984-02-08 Device for determining the speed, distance traversed, elapsed time and calories expended by a person while running Expired CA1218455A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/465,274 US4578769A (en) 1983-02-09 1983-02-09 Device for determining the speed, distance traversed, elapsed time and calories expended by a person while running
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WO1982003753A1 (en) * 1981-04-25 1982-11-11 William Nevil Heaton Johnson Boot or shoe incorporating pedometer or the like

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5465506A (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-11-14 Karhu Usa Inc. Sandal fastening system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4578769A (en) 1986-03-25
DE119009T1 (en) 1985-04-11
EP0119009A1 (en) 1984-09-19
KR840009145A (en) 1984-12-24
JPS59171564A (en) 1984-09-28

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