CA1065154A - Building brick - Google Patents
Building brickInfo
- Publication number
- CA1065154A CA1065154A CA280,262A CA280262A CA1065154A CA 1065154 A CA1065154 A CA 1065154A CA 280262 A CA280262 A CA 280262A CA 1065154 A CA1065154 A CA 1065154A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- brick
- face
- bricks
- ridges
- recessed portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A building brick having opposite major contact faces.
One of such faces has a pair of longitudinally extending ridges along each side thereof. The other face has a pair of complementary depressions formed by a central longitudinally extending upstanding portion of height less than the height of the ridges, so that when similar bricks are engaged, their depressions and ridges interlock to align their viewable faces and restrain movement of the bricks in a transverse direction, while leaving a space at least .3cm thick and of width equal to at least 40 percent of the width of each brick, between successive rows of bricks to contain bonding material.
A similar vertical space is provided between the end faces of the bricks, so that a wall can be assembled without mortar and can then be mortared by pouring a thin mortar into one or more of the vertical spaces.
A building brick having opposite major contact faces.
One of such faces has a pair of longitudinally extending ridges along each side thereof. The other face has a pair of complementary depressions formed by a central longitudinally extending upstanding portion of height less than the height of the ridges, so that when similar bricks are engaged, their depressions and ridges interlock to align their viewable faces and restrain movement of the bricks in a transverse direction, while leaving a space at least .3cm thick and of width equal to at least 40 percent of the width of each brick, between successive rows of bricks to contain bonding material.
A similar vertical space is provided between the end faces of the bricks, so that a wall can be assembled without mortar and can then be mortared by pouring a thin mortar into one or more of the vertical spaces.
Description
This invention relates to a building brick and more particularly it relates to an improved self aligning building brick.
This invention has been devised to provide a self aligning build:ing brick which will be easy to place and which will have a strong structural joint between adjoining bricks.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a building brick usable for constructing a wall of the like which will have a uniform and pleasing appearance. It is also an object of this invention to provide a building brick which is easy to manufacture and robust in use.
With the foregoing and other objects in view this invention resides broadly and a building brick having (a) first and second major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said brick, (b) first and second end faces, (c) first and second side faces, (d) said first major contact face having a pair of parallel upstanding ridges on adjacent each side of said brick and each ridge extending substantially the entire length of said brick, said first face having a first recessed portion between said ridges, and said first recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said brick, (e) said second major contact face having a pair of depressed surfaces one at each side of said brick and extending substantial:ly the entire length of said brick, and a raised portion ; 30 between said depressed surfaces, '~
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(f) said depressed surfaces and ridyes and said raised and recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one brick is placed atop another, said ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said depressed sur-faces to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said ridges beyond said first recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater : than the projection of said raised portion beyond said depressed surfaces, to provide a horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said bricks for bonding material, the maximum width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said bricks, (h) said first end face having a pair of projecting vertical edge portions, one adjacent each edge of said brick and extending substantially the entire height of said brick, and having a second recessed portion between said edge portions, said second recessed portion extending substantially the entire height of said brick, said first end surface defining with : said second end surface of another said brickagainst which it is placed a vertical space : extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges iO~;Sl~
t}l~reof being sealed by contact of said edge portions against said second end surface of such other brick, so that when said bricks are assembled into a wall, flowable bonding material may be poured into one of said vertical spaces for filling other said vertical and horizontal spaces between bricks in said wall.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pair of bricks shown ~n spaced apart relationship one above the other;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of either brick illustrated in Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is an end view of a pair of bricks in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a modification of the brick of Fig. l;
Fig. 5 is a plan view of two of the bricks of Fig. 4 in end to end relation;
Fig. 6 is an end view of two of the bricks of Fig. 4 in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 7 is a top perspective view of a corner brick of the invention;
Fig. 8 is a bottom perspective view of a corner brick of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the corner brick of ~, Fig. 7;
Fig. 10 is a top plan view of a left hand corner brick of the invention;
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a corner of a wall made from bricks of the invention;
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Fig. 12 is a side sectional view of a wall made from bricks of the invention;
Fig. 13 is an end view of two modified bricks of the invention in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 14 is an end view of two further modified bricks of the invention in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 15 is an end view of two still further modified bricks of the invention in operative relation one above the other;
Figs. 16 and 17 are perspective views of a modified corner brick;
Figs. 18 and 19 are perspectiveviews of a pillar brick according to the invention;
Fig. 20 is a top plan view of the pillar brick of Figs. 18 and 19; and Fig. 21 is an end view of an assembly of the pillar bricks of Figs. 18 to 20.
Reference is first made to Figs. 1 to 3, which show a building brick 10 having an upper major contact face 12, a lower major contact face 14, side faces 16 and 18, and end faces 20, 22. These faces are all substantially rectangular, except for the interlocking features to be described.
The upper face 12 has a pair of longitudinally extending engagement ridges 24 which extend the entire length of the brick, one at each side of the brick. The ridges 24 are triangular in shape and define between them a flat recessed area 26~
The lower face 14 has a pair of depressed surfaces 28, one at each side of the brick and each also extending the entire length of the brick. Located between the depressed ~o~s~s'~
surfaces 28 is a raised or projecting portion 30 having a flat lower surface 32 and sides 33 which slope at the same arlgle as the angle of the intericr sides of the ridges 24.
As shown in Fig. 3, the ridges 24 and depressed surfaces 28 are complementary. When one brick 10 is placed atop another, the ridges 24 of the lower brick engage within the depressed surfaces 28 of the upper brick. The sides 33 of the raised portion 30 lie against the inner surfaces 34 of the ridges 24 and the flat depressed surfaces 28 rest and are supported on the tips of the ridges 24. This aligns the side faces of the bricks and prevents sideways movement of one brick relative to the other. In addition, the forces exerted by one brick on another are substantially purely compressive.
~t will also be seen, as best shown in Fig. 3, that the projection dl of the portion 30 beyond the depressed sur-faces 28 is less than the projection d2 of the ridges 24 beyond the recessed surface 26. This provides a space 36 between the bricks. The space 36 helps to prevent small particles present during the laying of the bricks from causing rnisalignment of the assembled bricks. For this purpose the width d3 of the speace 36 is quite large, typically at least 40 percent of the width of the brick. The space 36 is also useful for containing mortar to bind the bricks together, and for this purpose the space 36 should be at least .3 cm deep. Preferably the space 36 is at least .5 cm deep, and will commonly be .8 cm or more deep.
When the bricks are assembled, a recess 38 is visible extending along the sides of the bricks at the locations where they join. The recess 38 is produced by the sloping outer surface of the ridges 24, which diverge from the flat depressed surfaces 28. The recess 38 provides an apparent 1~515~
visual gap between the rows of bricks, for decorative purposes. Mortar or sealant may be inserted into the re!cess 38 if desired.
As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, one end face 20 may be f]at and the other end face 22 may be recessed as shown at: 40, to provide a space for mortar between the ends of the bricks, to bond the end faces together.
Reference is next made to Figs. 4 to 6, which show a brick similar to that of Figs. 1 to 3. In Figs. 4 to 6, primed reference numerals indicate parts corresponding to those of Figs. 1 to 3. The differences between the brick 10' of Figs. 4 to 6 and the brick 10 of Figs. 1 to 3 are as follows. Firstly, the recessed area 26' has been recessed more deeply, so the inner faces 34a' of the ridges 24' are now longer than the outer faces 34b' of the ridges. The angles "a" and "b" remain (as in the brick 10) 45 degrees. This provides a deeper space 36' for mortar.
~he outer faces 34b' of the ridges 24' have not been deepened since too deep a recess 38' is undesirable (typical dimensions will be given shortly).
Secondly, a ~lat strip 42 is provided at the top of each ridge 24'. The flat strip 42, although narrow, reduces the likelihood of chips occurring at the apices of the ridges 42.
Thirdly, the end faces 20', 22' are now formed almost exactly like the upper and lower faces 12', 14'. The end face 22' has a pair of vertical ridges 44 one at each side thereof, each having a sloping inner surface 46a. The ridges 44 are exactly the same as the ridges 34', except that their outer surfaces 46b do not slope fully like surfaces 34b', but instead have only a ~evel 48 at their edges.
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Located between ~he ridges 44 is a recessed area 49. The end face 20' has a pair of vertically oriented depressed s~lrfaces 50 one at each side thereof, with a projecting portion 52 therebetween. The end face 20 is exactly like the lower face 14, except that its side edges are bevelled ar, indicated at 54. When two bricks lO' are pla~ed end to end as shown in Fig. 5, the combined width of the two bevels 48, 54, i5 equal to the depth of the recess 38'.
This provides a recess of uniform width (as viewed from the side) around each brick in a wall formed from the bricks.
The end faces 20', 22' also define between them a space 56 for mortar. The space 56 has the same cross-sectional dimensions as the space 36'. It will be seen that since end face 20' is complementary to top face 12', and end ace 22' is complementary to bottom face 14', an end face can be placed against its complementary top or bottom face while preserving the interloc};ing features of the bricks.
The final difference between the bricks 10, 10' is that the projecting portion 30' on the bottom face 14' is divided in two by a transverse valley 58 having sides 60 which slope outwardly and downwardly the same as the side surfaces ofthe portion 30'. With this feature, one brick can be placed crosswise atop another brick and will still interlock therewith. The two parts of the bottom portion 30' are each identical and each have a central vertical axis of symmetry 61. For slightly curved walls, the two parts of the bottom portion 30' may be circular, as indicated in dotted lines 61a.
Typical dimensions for the Figs. ~ to 6 brick are as follows:
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dl' .7cm d2' 1.5cm d2a' 1.0cm d3 4.5cm d3a 6.lcm d4 .8cm d5 ll.lcm d6 22.2cm d7 6.6cm d8 .8cm d9 .8cm It will be appreciated that the above dimensions can of course be varied, but the feature described above (at ]east .3cm thick spaces 36', 56' or mortar and as wide as possibe, and wide spacing of the support points at which one brick rests on another)should be retained. In addition, the angle b can be varied, although a substantial slope is preferred, and angles b and bl can also be different (i.e.
angle bl can be less than angle b), if desired.
A corner brick 62 is shown in Figs. 7 to 9 for use with the brick 10. The corner brick 62 is the same as brick 10' except for the following differences. One side ridge 24a'' and one depressed surface 28a'' are extended along one end face 20'' of the brick. The end face 20 " between the ridge 24a'' and depressed surface 28a" is flat. In addition at the other side of the brick, a receiving face 64 is formed in side face 18''. The receiving face 64 is the same as end face 20' of brick 10l, having a pair of ridges 44'' and a recessed area 49'' therebetween. The receiving face 64 is therefore complementary to the end face 20' of _ g _ 5~54 brick 10' so that a brick 10l can be laid with its end face 20' interlocked in the receiving face 64.
The corner brick 62 is a right hand brick (the rleceiving face 64 opens to the right as viewed looking toward the flat end face 20'', and left hand corner bricks 66 are also provided, as shown in Fig. 10. The corner brick 66 is the same as corner brick 62 except that its receiving face 68 opens to the left as viewed looking toward the flat end of brick 66.
If desired, a corner brick may also be made having its receiving face 68 formed exactly like end face 20', i.e. having aprojecting portion the same as portion 52,pro-jecting from side face 18'' in placé of the recessed area 49''. However this is less desirable for manufacturing, shipping and storage purposes.
In use, the corne~ bricks are assembled as shown in Fig. 11, with left and right hand corner bricks 62, 66 alternating vertically, and with ordinary run bricks 10' abutting the end faces of each corner brick. A wall shown at 70 in Fig. 11 is thus formed.
In the construction of a wall such as wall 70, each brick can be mortared when it is laid. Because the space 36 or 36' is wide, if it is necessary to adjust the height of the wall under e.g. a windowsill, this can be done by adding thick mortar in the space 36, 36' to raise the upper brick slightly. The width of space 36, 36' is sufficient that enough mortar can be placed in it to support the weight of the upper brick.
Alternatively a substantia~ portion of a wall can be assembled (the bricks will hold together since they inter-lock) and then a low viscosity mortar mixture can be poured ~Q65ilS4 down one of the spaces 56 between the end faces of two of the bricks in the wall. As shown in the sectional view of Fig. 12, all of the vertical spaces 56 and the horizontal spaces 36' interconnect. Tests have shown that a thin mortar mixture 72 poured down a vertical space 56 will fill the horizontal spaces 36', 56 in a large portion of the wall.
If pumped under pressure, the fill range may be extended further. Thus, a large section of a wall may be assembled without mortar, and may then be mortared in a single simple operation. Provided that the bricks are laid tightly together in end to end relation, little or no mortar will leak out, because it will be seen that the spaces 36, 36' are sealed at their sides by engagement of the ridges 24 against the surfaces of the next brick, and the spaces 56 at the ends of the bricks are similarly sealed. If no mortar is used, any water which penetrates the wall will run out of the interconnecting spaces, so the wall is self-weeping.
Further variations of the brick of the invention are shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 15. In Fig. 13 the recessed portion 100 between the ridges 102 is curved, and the sides of the raised portion 104 on the lower face of the brick are similarly curved. In Fig. 14 the bevel 105 to provide an edge recess is located at the edges of the depressed surfaces 106 instead of at the edges of the ridges 10~. In Fig. lS
the angle "c" of the inner surface of the ridges 110 has been steepened to increase the width of the space 112 between the bricks.
Figs 16 and 17 show a corner brick 120 similax to that of Figs. 7 and 8, the only difference being that the bevel 122 (which forms the exterior side recess between lS~
adjacent rows of bricks) is located on the major contact face which contains the raised portion 12~, instead of being on the other major contact face 126.
Fiys. 18, 19 and 20 show a pillar brick 130 according to the invention. The pillar brick 130 is similar to the brick 10' but is formed so that it can be stacked in pairs (as shown in Fig. 21) about a pillar 132. The pillar brick 130 has one side face 134 which may be simply flat, and which contains a semi-circular opening 136 for the pillar 132. The upper major contact face 138 of brick 130 contains ridges 140 (which are the same as ridges 24' of brick 10') along its remaining three edges, with a recessed surface 142 between the ridges~ The lower major contact face 144 of brick 130 contains depressed surfaces 146 along all of its sides, with raise~ portions 148 within the depressed surfaces 146.
The interlocking fit of the pillar bricks is exactly the same as that of the bricks 10 previously described, and the assembly produces a square with the pillar 132 at its centre.
The pillar brick 130 may be used as part of a wall containing the other bricks of the invention, and its end faces may be shaped as shown for end faces 20', 22' of Figs. 4 and 5, so that they will interlock with the end faces of other bricks in the wall.
This invention has been devised to provide a self aligning build:ing brick which will be easy to place and which will have a strong structural joint between adjoining bricks.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a building brick usable for constructing a wall of the like which will have a uniform and pleasing appearance. It is also an object of this invention to provide a building brick which is easy to manufacture and robust in use.
With the foregoing and other objects in view this invention resides broadly and a building brick having (a) first and second major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said brick, (b) first and second end faces, (c) first and second side faces, (d) said first major contact face having a pair of parallel upstanding ridges on adjacent each side of said brick and each ridge extending substantially the entire length of said brick, said first face having a first recessed portion between said ridges, and said first recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said brick, (e) said second major contact face having a pair of depressed surfaces one at each side of said brick and extending substantial:ly the entire length of said brick, and a raised portion ; 30 between said depressed surfaces, '~
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(f) said depressed surfaces and ridyes and said raised and recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one brick is placed atop another, said ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said depressed sur-faces to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said ridges beyond said first recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater : than the projection of said raised portion beyond said depressed surfaces, to provide a horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said bricks for bonding material, the maximum width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said bricks, (h) said first end face having a pair of projecting vertical edge portions, one adjacent each edge of said brick and extending substantially the entire height of said brick, and having a second recessed portion between said edge portions, said second recessed portion extending substantially the entire height of said brick, said first end surface defining with : said second end surface of another said brickagainst which it is placed a vertical space : extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges iO~;Sl~
t}l~reof being sealed by contact of said edge portions against said second end surface of such other brick, so that when said bricks are assembled into a wall, flowable bonding material may be poured into one of said vertical spaces for filling other said vertical and horizontal spaces between bricks in said wall.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pair of bricks shown ~n spaced apart relationship one above the other;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of either brick illustrated in Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is an end view of a pair of bricks in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a modification of the brick of Fig. l;
Fig. 5 is a plan view of two of the bricks of Fig. 4 in end to end relation;
Fig. 6 is an end view of two of the bricks of Fig. 4 in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 7 is a top perspective view of a corner brick of the invention;
Fig. 8 is a bottom perspective view of a corner brick of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the corner brick of ~, Fig. 7;
Fig. 10 is a top plan view of a left hand corner brick of the invention;
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a corner of a wall made from bricks of the invention;
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Fig. 12 is a side sectional view of a wall made from bricks of the invention;
Fig. 13 is an end view of two modified bricks of the invention in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 14 is an end view of two further modified bricks of the invention in operative relation one above the other;
Fig. 15 is an end view of two still further modified bricks of the invention in operative relation one above the other;
Figs. 16 and 17 are perspective views of a modified corner brick;
Figs. 18 and 19 are perspectiveviews of a pillar brick according to the invention;
Fig. 20 is a top plan view of the pillar brick of Figs. 18 and 19; and Fig. 21 is an end view of an assembly of the pillar bricks of Figs. 18 to 20.
Reference is first made to Figs. 1 to 3, which show a building brick 10 having an upper major contact face 12, a lower major contact face 14, side faces 16 and 18, and end faces 20, 22. These faces are all substantially rectangular, except for the interlocking features to be described.
The upper face 12 has a pair of longitudinally extending engagement ridges 24 which extend the entire length of the brick, one at each side of the brick. The ridges 24 are triangular in shape and define between them a flat recessed area 26~
The lower face 14 has a pair of depressed surfaces 28, one at each side of the brick and each also extending the entire length of the brick. Located between the depressed ~o~s~s'~
surfaces 28 is a raised or projecting portion 30 having a flat lower surface 32 and sides 33 which slope at the same arlgle as the angle of the intericr sides of the ridges 24.
As shown in Fig. 3, the ridges 24 and depressed surfaces 28 are complementary. When one brick 10 is placed atop another, the ridges 24 of the lower brick engage within the depressed surfaces 28 of the upper brick. The sides 33 of the raised portion 30 lie against the inner surfaces 34 of the ridges 24 and the flat depressed surfaces 28 rest and are supported on the tips of the ridges 24. This aligns the side faces of the bricks and prevents sideways movement of one brick relative to the other. In addition, the forces exerted by one brick on another are substantially purely compressive.
~t will also be seen, as best shown in Fig. 3, that the projection dl of the portion 30 beyond the depressed sur-faces 28 is less than the projection d2 of the ridges 24 beyond the recessed surface 26. This provides a space 36 between the bricks. The space 36 helps to prevent small particles present during the laying of the bricks from causing rnisalignment of the assembled bricks. For this purpose the width d3 of the speace 36 is quite large, typically at least 40 percent of the width of the brick. The space 36 is also useful for containing mortar to bind the bricks together, and for this purpose the space 36 should be at least .3 cm deep. Preferably the space 36 is at least .5 cm deep, and will commonly be .8 cm or more deep.
When the bricks are assembled, a recess 38 is visible extending along the sides of the bricks at the locations where they join. The recess 38 is produced by the sloping outer surface of the ridges 24, which diverge from the flat depressed surfaces 28. The recess 38 provides an apparent 1~515~
visual gap between the rows of bricks, for decorative purposes. Mortar or sealant may be inserted into the re!cess 38 if desired.
As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, one end face 20 may be f]at and the other end face 22 may be recessed as shown at: 40, to provide a space for mortar between the ends of the bricks, to bond the end faces together.
Reference is next made to Figs. 4 to 6, which show a brick similar to that of Figs. 1 to 3. In Figs. 4 to 6, primed reference numerals indicate parts corresponding to those of Figs. 1 to 3. The differences between the brick 10' of Figs. 4 to 6 and the brick 10 of Figs. 1 to 3 are as follows. Firstly, the recessed area 26' has been recessed more deeply, so the inner faces 34a' of the ridges 24' are now longer than the outer faces 34b' of the ridges. The angles "a" and "b" remain (as in the brick 10) 45 degrees. This provides a deeper space 36' for mortar.
~he outer faces 34b' of the ridges 24' have not been deepened since too deep a recess 38' is undesirable (typical dimensions will be given shortly).
Secondly, a ~lat strip 42 is provided at the top of each ridge 24'. The flat strip 42, although narrow, reduces the likelihood of chips occurring at the apices of the ridges 42.
Thirdly, the end faces 20', 22' are now formed almost exactly like the upper and lower faces 12', 14'. The end face 22' has a pair of vertical ridges 44 one at each side thereof, each having a sloping inner surface 46a. The ridges 44 are exactly the same as the ridges 34', except that their outer surfaces 46b do not slope fully like surfaces 34b', but instead have only a ~evel 48 at their edges.
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Located between ~he ridges 44 is a recessed area 49. The end face 20' has a pair of vertically oriented depressed s~lrfaces 50 one at each side thereof, with a projecting portion 52 therebetween. The end face 20 is exactly like the lower face 14, except that its side edges are bevelled ar, indicated at 54. When two bricks lO' are pla~ed end to end as shown in Fig. 5, the combined width of the two bevels 48, 54, i5 equal to the depth of the recess 38'.
This provides a recess of uniform width (as viewed from the side) around each brick in a wall formed from the bricks.
The end faces 20', 22' also define between them a space 56 for mortar. The space 56 has the same cross-sectional dimensions as the space 36'. It will be seen that since end face 20' is complementary to top face 12', and end ace 22' is complementary to bottom face 14', an end face can be placed against its complementary top or bottom face while preserving the interloc};ing features of the bricks.
The final difference between the bricks 10, 10' is that the projecting portion 30' on the bottom face 14' is divided in two by a transverse valley 58 having sides 60 which slope outwardly and downwardly the same as the side surfaces ofthe portion 30'. With this feature, one brick can be placed crosswise atop another brick and will still interlock therewith. The two parts of the bottom portion 30' are each identical and each have a central vertical axis of symmetry 61. For slightly curved walls, the two parts of the bottom portion 30' may be circular, as indicated in dotted lines 61a.
Typical dimensions for the Figs. ~ to 6 brick are as follows:
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dl' .7cm d2' 1.5cm d2a' 1.0cm d3 4.5cm d3a 6.lcm d4 .8cm d5 ll.lcm d6 22.2cm d7 6.6cm d8 .8cm d9 .8cm It will be appreciated that the above dimensions can of course be varied, but the feature described above (at ]east .3cm thick spaces 36', 56' or mortar and as wide as possibe, and wide spacing of the support points at which one brick rests on another)should be retained. In addition, the angle b can be varied, although a substantial slope is preferred, and angles b and bl can also be different (i.e.
angle bl can be less than angle b), if desired.
A corner brick 62 is shown in Figs. 7 to 9 for use with the brick 10. The corner brick 62 is the same as brick 10' except for the following differences. One side ridge 24a'' and one depressed surface 28a'' are extended along one end face 20'' of the brick. The end face 20 " between the ridge 24a'' and depressed surface 28a" is flat. In addition at the other side of the brick, a receiving face 64 is formed in side face 18''. The receiving face 64 is the same as end face 20' of brick 10l, having a pair of ridges 44'' and a recessed area 49'' therebetween. The receiving face 64 is therefore complementary to the end face 20' of _ g _ 5~54 brick 10' so that a brick 10l can be laid with its end face 20' interlocked in the receiving face 64.
The corner brick 62 is a right hand brick (the rleceiving face 64 opens to the right as viewed looking toward the flat end face 20'', and left hand corner bricks 66 are also provided, as shown in Fig. 10. The corner brick 66 is the same as corner brick 62 except that its receiving face 68 opens to the left as viewed looking toward the flat end of brick 66.
If desired, a corner brick may also be made having its receiving face 68 formed exactly like end face 20', i.e. having aprojecting portion the same as portion 52,pro-jecting from side face 18'' in placé of the recessed area 49''. However this is less desirable for manufacturing, shipping and storage purposes.
In use, the corne~ bricks are assembled as shown in Fig. 11, with left and right hand corner bricks 62, 66 alternating vertically, and with ordinary run bricks 10' abutting the end faces of each corner brick. A wall shown at 70 in Fig. 11 is thus formed.
In the construction of a wall such as wall 70, each brick can be mortared when it is laid. Because the space 36 or 36' is wide, if it is necessary to adjust the height of the wall under e.g. a windowsill, this can be done by adding thick mortar in the space 36, 36' to raise the upper brick slightly. The width of space 36, 36' is sufficient that enough mortar can be placed in it to support the weight of the upper brick.
Alternatively a substantia~ portion of a wall can be assembled (the bricks will hold together since they inter-lock) and then a low viscosity mortar mixture can be poured ~Q65ilS4 down one of the spaces 56 between the end faces of two of the bricks in the wall. As shown in the sectional view of Fig. 12, all of the vertical spaces 56 and the horizontal spaces 36' interconnect. Tests have shown that a thin mortar mixture 72 poured down a vertical space 56 will fill the horizontal spaces 36', 56 in a large portion of the wall.
If pumped under pressure, the fill range may be extended further. Thus, a large section of a wall may be assembled without mortar, and may then be mortared in a single simple operation. Provided that the bricks are laid tightly together in end to end relation, little or no mortar will leak out, because it will be seen that the spaces 36, 36' are sealed at their sides by engagement of the ridges 24 against the surfaces of the next brick, and the spaces 56 at the ends of the bricks are similarly sealed. If no mortar is used, any water which penetrates the wall will run out of the interconnecting spaces, so the wall is self-weeping.
Further variations of the brick of the invention are shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 15. In Fig. 13 the recessed portion 100 between the ridges 102 is curved, and the sides of the raised portion 104 on the lower face of the brick are similarly curved. In Fig. 14 the bevel 105 to provide an edge recess is located at the edges of the depressed surfaces 106 instead of at the edges of the ridges 10~. In Fig. lS
the angle "c" of the inner surface of the ridges 110 has been steepened to increase the width of the space 112 between the bricks.
Figs 16 and 17 show a corner brick 120 similax to that of Figs. 7 and 8, the only difference being that the bevel 122 (which forms the exterior side recess between lS~
adjacent rows of bricks) is located on the major contact face which contains the raised portion 12~, instead of being on the other major contact face 126.
Fiys. 18, 19 and 20 show a pillar brick 130 according to the invention. The pillar brick 130 is similar to the brick 10' but is formed so that it can be stacked in pairs (as shown in Fig. 21) about a pillar 132. The pillar brick 130 has one side face 134 which may be simply flat, and which contains a semi-circular opening 136 for the pillar 132. The upper major contact face 138 of brick 130 contains ridges 140 (which are the same as ridges 24' of brick 10') along its remaining three edges, with a recessed surface 142 between the ridges~ The lower major contact face 144 of brick 130 contains depressed surfaces 146 along all of its sides, with raise~ portions 148 within the depressed surfaces 146.
The interlocking fit of the pillar bricks is exactly the same as that of the bricks 10 previously described, and the assembly produces a square with the pillar 132 at its centre.
The pillar brick 130 may be used as part of a wall containing the other bricks of the invention, and its end faces may be shaped as shown for end faces 20', 22' of Figs. 4 and 5, so that they will interlock with the end faces of other bricks in the wall.
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A building brick having:
(a) first and second major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said brick (b) first and second end faces, (c) first and second side faces, (d) said first major contact face having a pair of parallel upstanding ridges one adjacent each side of said brick and each ridge extending substantially the entire length of said brick, said first face having a first recessed portion between said ridges, and said first recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said brick, (e) said second major contact face having a pair of depressed surfaces one at each side of said brick and extending substantially the entire length of said brick, and a raised portion between said depressed surfaces, (f) said depressed surfaces and ridges and said raised and recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one brick is placed atop another, said ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said depressed sur-faces to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said ridges beyond said first recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater than the projection of said raised portion beyond said depressed surfaces, to provide a horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said bricks for bonding material, the width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said bricks, (h) said first end face having a pair of projecting vertical edge portions, one adjacent each edge of said brick and extending substantially the entire height of said brick, and having a second recessed portion between said edge portions, said second recessed portion extending substantially the entire height of said brick, said first end face defining with said second end face of another said brick against which it is placed a vertical space extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges thereof being sealed by contact of said edge portions against said second end face of such other brick, so that when said bricks are assembled into a wall, flowable bonding material may be poured into one of said vertical spaces for filling other said vertical and horizontal spaces between bricks in said wall.
(a) first and second major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said brick (b) first and second end faces, (c) first and second side faces, (d) said first major contact face having a pair of parallel upstanding ridges one adjacent each side of said brick and each ridge extending substantially the entire length of said brick, said first face having a first recessed portion between said ridges, and said first recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said brick, (e) said second major contact face having a pair of depressed surfaces one at each side of said brick and extending substantially the entire length of said brick, and a raised portion between said depressed surfaces, (f) said depressed surfaces and ridges and said raised and recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one brick is placed atop another, said ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said depressed sur-faces to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said ridges beyond said first recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater than the projection of said raised portion beyond said depressed surfaces, to provide a horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said bricks for bonding material, the width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said bricks, (h) said first end face having a pair of projecting vertical edge portions, one adjacent each edge of said brick and extending substantially the entire height of said brick, and having a second recessed portion between said edge portions, said second recessed portion extending substantially the entire height of said brick, said first end face defining with said second end face of another said brick against which it is placed a vertical space extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges thereof being sealed by contact of said edge portions against said second end face of such other brick, so that when said bricks are assembled into a wall, flowable bonding material may be poured into one of said vertical spaces for filling other said vertical and horizontal spaces between bricks in said wall.
2. A brick according to claim 1 wherein each said ridge has an outer surface which slopes in a direction towards its adjacent side face and towards said second major contact face to form, when one said brick is placed atop another, an edge recess extending along each side of the join between adjacent said bricks.
3. A brick according to claim 1 wherein each ridge is substantially triangular in shape but has a narrow flat apex surface.
4. A brick according to claim 3 wherein said second end face has a pair of second depressed surfaces one at each side of said brick and extending substantially the entire height of said brick, and a second raised portion between said second depressed surfaces, said second depressed areas and said edge portions, and said second recessed portion and said second raised portion being complementary to align said end faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of said end faces of said bricks, said vertical space being defined between said second recessed portion and said second raised portion of adjacent bricks.
5. A brick according to claim 1 wherein the raised portion includes a transverse valley dividing said raised portion into two identical parts each having a central vertical axis of symmetry.
6. A building brick system comprising:
(1) a run brick having:
(a) first and second major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said brick, (b) first and second end faces, (c) first and second side faces, (d) said first major contact face having a pair of first parallel upstanding ridges one adjacent each side of said brick and each first ridge extending substantially the entire length of said brick, said first face having a first recessed portion between said ridges, and said first recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said brick, (e) said second major contact face having a pair of first depressed surfaces one at each side of said brick and extending substantially the entire length of said brick, and a first raised portion between said first depressed surfaces, (f) said depressed surfaces and ridges and said raised and recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one brick is placed atop another, said ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said depressed surfaces to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said ridges beyond said first recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater than the projection of said raised portion beyond said depressed surfaces, to provide a first horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said bricks for bonding material, the maximum width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said bricks, (h) said first end face having a pair of projecting first vertical edge portions, one adjacent each edge of said brick and extending substantially the entire height of said brick, and having a second recessed portion between said edge portions, said second recessed portion extending substantially the entire height of said brick, said second end face being complementary to said first end face and defining with said first end face of another said brick against which it is placed a first vertical space extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges thereof being sealed by contact of said edge portions against said second end face, so that when said bricks are assembled into a wall, flowable bonding material may be poured into one of said vertical spaces for filling other vertical and horizontal spaces between bricks in said wall, (2) and a corner brick having:
(a) third and fourth major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said corner brick, (b) third and fourth end faces, (c) third and fourth side faces, (d) said third major contact face having a pair of second parallel upstanding longitudinally extending ridges one adjacent each side face of said corner brick, said third major contact face having a third recessed portion between said second ridges, said third recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said corner brick, (e) said fourth major contact face having a pair of longitudinally extending second depressed surfaces one at each side of said corner brick, and a second raised portion between said second depressed surfaces, (f) said second depressed surfaces and second ridges and said second raised and third recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one corner brick is placed atop another, said second ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said second depressed areas to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said corner bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said second ridges beyond said third recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater than the projection of said second raised portion beyond said second depressed surfaces, to provide a horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said corner bricks for bonding material, the maximum width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said corner bricks, (h) the shape and dimensions of said second ridges, third recessed portion, second depressed surfaces and second raised portion being the same as those of said first ridges, first recessed portion, first depressed surfaces and first raised portion respectively, so that one end of a said run brick may be placed over or under said one end of said corner brick for interlocking therewith, (i) said third end face of said corner brick being shaped identically to one of said first and second end faces of said run brick, and said fourth end face of said corner brick being substantially flat, (j) said third side face of said corner brick having a receiving face formed therein adjacent said fourth end face, said receiving face being formed complementary to one of said first and second end faces of said run brick for said one end face to interlock into said receiving face, said receiving face defining with said one end face of a said run brick against which it is placed a second vertical space extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said second vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges thereof being sealed by contact of said receiving face against said one end face of such other brick.
(1) a run brick having:
(a) first and second major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said brick, (b) first and second end faces, (c) first and second side faces, (d) said first major contact face having a pair of first parallel upstanding ridges one adjacent each side of said brick and each first ridge extending substantially the entire length of said brick, said first face having a first recessed portion between said ridges, and said first recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said brick, (e) said second major contact face having a pair of first depressed surfaces one at each side of said brick and extending substantially the entire length of said brick, and a first raised portion between said first depressed surfaces, (f) said depressed surfaces and ridges and said raised and recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one brick is placed atop another, said ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said depressed surfaces to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said ridges beyond said first recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater than the projection of said raised portion beyond said depressed surfaces, to provide a first horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said bricks for bonding material, the maximum width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said bricks, (h) said first end face having a pair of projecting first vertical edge portions, one adjacent each edge of said brick and extending substantially the entire height of said brick, and having a second recessed portion between said edge portions, said second recessed portion extending substantially the entire height of said brick, said second end face being complementary to said first end face and defining with said first end face of another said brick against which it is placed a first vertical space extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges thereof being sealed by contact of said edge portions against said second end face, so that when said bricks are assembled into a wall, flowable bonding material may be poured into one of said vertical spaces for filling other vertical and horizontal spaces between bricks in said wall, (2) and a corner brick having:
(a) third and fourth major contact faces forming the upper and lower surfaces of said corner brick, (b) third and fourth end faces, (c) third and fourth side faces, (d) said third major contact face having a pair of second parallel upstanding longitudinally extending ridges one adjacent each side face of said corner brick, said third major contact face having a third recessed portion between said second ridges, said third recessed portion extending substantially the entire length of said corner brick, (e) said fourth major contact face having a pair of longitudinally extending second depressed surfaces one at each side of said corner brick, and a second raised portion between said second depressed surfaces, (f) said second depressed surfaces and second ridges and said second raised and third recessed portions being complementary in height and location so that when one corner brick is placed atop another, said second ridges interlock in and lie sealingly against said second depressed areas to align said side faces of said bricks and to restrain sideways movement of one of said corner bricks relative to the other, (g) the projection of said second ridges beyond said third recessed portion being at least .3 cm greater than the projection of said second raised portion beyond said second depressed surfaces, to provide a horizontal space at least .3 cm high between successive rows of said corner bricks for bonding material, the maximum width of said space being at least 40 percent of the width of said corner bricks, (h) the shape and dimensions of said second ridges, third recessed portion, second depressed surfaces and second raised portion being the same as those of said first ridges, first recessed portion, first depressed surfaces and first raised portion respectively, so that one end of a said run brick may be placed over or under said one end of said corner brick for interlocking therewith, (i) said third end face of said corner brick being shaped identically to one of said first and second end faces of said run brick, and said fourth end face of said corner brick being substantially flat, (j) said third side face of said corner brick having a receiving face formed therein adjacent said fourth end face, said receiving face being formed complementary to one of said first and second end faces of said run brick for said one end face to interlock into said receiving face, said receiving face defining with said one end face of a said run brick against which it is placed a second vertical space extending the entire height of said bricks for containing bonding material, said second vertical space being at least .3 cm thick and the edges thereof being sealed by contact of said receiving face against said one end face of such other brick.
7. A building brick system according to claim 6 wherein said receiving face has a pair of second vertical edge portions one at each side thereof and extending substantially the entire height of said corner brick, and a fourth recessed portion between said second vertical edge portions and extending substantially the entire height of said corner brick, said second vertical space being defined between said fourth recessed portion and said second end face of a said run brick.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA280,262A CA1065154A (en) | 1977-06-10 | 1977-06-10 | Building brick |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA280,262A CA1065154A (en) | 1977-06-10 | 1977-06-10 | Building brick |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1065154A true CA1065154A (en) | 1979-10-30 |
Family
ID=4108863
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA280,262A Expired CA1065154A (en) | 1977-06-10 | 1977-06-10 | Building brick |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1065154A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5589124A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1996-12-31 | Block Systems, Inc. | Method of forming composite masonry blocks |
| US5704183A (en) | 1992-10-06 | 1998-01-06 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Composite masonry block |
| US5709062A (en) | 1992-10-06 | 1998-01-20 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Composite masonry block |
| US6029943A (en) | 1996-11-08 | 2000-02-29 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Splitting technique |
| USD430680S (en) | 1999-01-15 | 2000-09-05 | Handy-Stone Corporation | Concrete block |
| US6250850B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2001-06-26 | Rockwood Retaining Walls, Inc. | Block with multifaceted bottom surface |
| USD445512S1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 2001-07-24 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Retaining wall block |
| AU2013234352B2 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2016-02-25 | Wilmott, Reginald Claude | Multi. Use. Brick. |
-
1977
- 1977-06-10 CA CA280,262A patent/CA1065154A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5589124A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1996-12-31 | Block Systems, Inc. | Method of forming composite masonry blocks |
| US5704183A (en) | 1992-10-06 | 1998-01-06 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Composite masonry block |
| US5709062A (en) | 1992-10-06 | 1998-01-20 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Composite masonry block |
| US5711129A (en) | 1992-10-06 | 1998-01-27 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Masonry block |
| US5795105A (en) | 1992-10-06 | 1998-08-18 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Composite masonry block |
| US6113318A (en) | 1992-10-06 | 2000-09-05 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Composite masonry block |
| US6029943A (en) | 1996-11-08 | 2000-02-29 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Splitting technique |
| USD445512S1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 2001-07-24 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Retaining wall block |
| USD430680S (en) | 1999-01-15 | 2000-09-05 | Handy-Stone Corporation | Concrete block |
| US6250850B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2001-06-26 | Rockwood Retaining Walls, Inc. | Block with multifaceted bottom surface |
| AU2013234352B2 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2016-02-25 | Wilmott, Reginald Claude | Multi. Use. Brick. |
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