A download manager is a computer program dedicated to the task of downloading (and Java Download Free sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from (and sometime Java Download Free to) the Internet for storage. This is unlike a Java Download Free World Wide Web browser, Java Download Free which is mainly intended to browse web pages, composed of a multitude of smaller files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or incomplete web Java Download Free page file rarely ruins the page.) The typical download manager at a minimum provides Java Download Free means to recover from errors without losing the work already completed, and can optionally split the file to be downloaded (or uploaded) Java Download Free into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, Java Download Free potentially Java Download Free making the process faster within the limits Java Download Free of the available bandwidth. (A few servers are known to block moving files in parallel segments, on Java Download Free the principle that server capacity should be shared equally by all users.) Multi-source is Java Download Free the name given to files that are downloaded in parallel.
There are several things that some web browsers are not Java Download Free very Java Download Free good at. That's where the Java Download Free download managers enter the equation:
Pausing the Java Download Free downloading of Java Download Free large files.
Resuming broken or paused downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading files on poor connections.
Downloading several files from a Java Download Free site automatically according to simple rules (file types, updated files, etc. - Java Download Free see also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive downloads (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic hang-up and shutdown).
Searching for mirror sites, and the handling of different connections to download the same file more quickly (segmented downloading).
Download managers are useful for active Internet users. For dial-up users, they can automatically dial the internet service provider at night, when rates Java Download Free or tariffs are usually lower, download the specified files, and hang-up. They can record which links the user clicks on during the day, and queue Java Download Free these files for later download. For broadband users, download managers can help download very large files by resuming broken downloads, by limiting Java Download Free the bandwidth used, so that other internet activities are not Java Download Free affected Java Download Free (slowed) and the server is not overloaded, or by automatically navigating a site and downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, MP3 collections, etc.) this can also include automatically downloading whole Download Div3 Codec sites and regularly updating them (see Mirroring).
Many Halo Pc Download download Java Download Free managers support Metalink, an XML file Java Download Free listing Java Download Free mirrors, Java Download Free checksums, and other information Java Download Free useful for downloading.
See below for some examples of Java Download Free commonly used download managers. Some downloaders are optimized for a certain function. Java Download Free For example, Offline Explorer is designed Java Download Free to download entire Java Download Free websites.
Download Java Download Free managers, such as Go!Zilla, were among the first adware applications displaying a banner ad in Java Download Free the user interface.
Related to download managers are two other breeds of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Gnutella) and Java Download Free stream recorders (such as StreamBox VCR).
While download managers are designed to give users greater Java Download Free control over downloads, some Java Download Free downloaders are created to give that control to content distributors instead. Some software companies, for example Adobe [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on Java Download Free their own site. Presumably this Java Download Free Direct X Free Download increases reliability and reduces tech support costs to Java Download Free them. A possible reason is increasing the control over Download Comic Books redistribution of their software (even when the software is freeware).In Java Download Free computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line are defined by Federal Standard 1037C. They are states or conditions of a "device or equipment" or of "a functional unit". To Java Download Free be considered on-line, a device must be at Java Download Free least one of:
"Under the direct control of another device"
"Under the direct control Java Download Free of the system with which it is associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand by the system without human Java Download Free intervention"
"Connected to a system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not (e.g. Java Download Free it has "its main power source disconnected or turned off", and is "off-power").
One example of a common use of these concepts is a Mail User Agent that can be Java Download Free instructed to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. One such MUA Java Download Free is Microsoft Outlook. When it is Java Download Free "on-line" it will attempt to connect to Java Download Free mail servers (to check for new mail at regular intervals, for example), and when it is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The "on-line" or Java Download Free "off-line" state of the MUA does not necessarily reflect the connection status between the Java Download Free computer on which it is running and Internet. The user may have the computer itself on-line, connected to Internet via a cable modem or Java Download Free an ADSL connection, but may Java Download Free wish for Outlook to Java Download Free be off-line, so that it makes no attempt Java Download Free to send or to receive messages. Or the computer may be configured to employ a dial-up connection on demand (whenever Java Download Free an application such as Outlook attempts to Java Download Free make connection to Download Encarta a server), but the connection may be an expensive telephone call from the particular location in Java Download Free which the computer currently happens to Java Download Free be (such as a hotel room) and the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that Java Download Free call every 5 or 10 minutes to check for mail.[1]
Another example of the use of these concepts is in the world of digital audio technology. A tape recorder, digital editor, or other device that is "on-line" is Java Download Free one whose clock is under Java Download Free the control of the clock of Java Download Free a "synchronization master" device. When the sync master commences playback, the "on-line" device automatically synchronizes itself to the master and Java Download Free commences playing from Italijansko Slovenski Slovar Free Download the same point Java Download Free in the recording. Whereas a device that is "off-line" uses no external clock reference and relies Java Download Free upon its Java Download Free own internal clock. When a large Java Download Free number of devices Karaoke Download are Java Download Free connected to a sync master, it Java Download Free is often convenient, if one wants to hear just the output of Java Download Free one single device, to take it off-line, because if the device is played back on-line all synchronized devices have to locate the playback point and wait Java Download Free for each other to be in synchronization.[2] (For further related discussion, see MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
A third example of a common use of these concepts is a web Java Download Free browser that can be Java Download Free instructed Java Download Free to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. The browser only attempts to fetch pages from servers whilst in the "on-line" state. In the "off-line" state, users can Java Download Free perform offline browsing, Java Download Free where pages can be browsed using Java Download Free local copies of those pages that have previously been downloaded whilst in Java Download Free Muzika Download the "on-line" state. This can be useful when the computer itself Java Download Free is also off-line, Java Download Free with connection to Internet expensive or impossible. The pages are Java Download Free either downloaded implicitly into the web browser's own cache, as Java Download Free a result of prior on-line browsing by the Download Shareaza user, Java Download Free or explicitly by the browser being configured to keep local copies of certain web pages, which it Java Download Free keeps updated when the browser is in the on-line state, either by checking that the local copies are up-to-date Java Download Free at regular intervals or by checking that the local copies are up-to-date whenever the browser is switched to the on-line state. One such web browser capable of being explicitly configured to download pages for Java Download Free offline Java Download Free browsing is Internet Explorer. Java Download Free When pages are added Download Quake to the "Favourites" list, they can be marked Java Download Free for being made "available for offline Java Download Free browsing". Internet Explorer will download Java Download Free to local copies both the marked Java Download Free page and, optionally, all of the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version Download Nokia Software 6, the level of direct and indirect links, the maximum amount of Java Download Free local disc space allowed to be consumed, and the schedule on which local copies are checked to see Java Download Free whether Java Download Free they are Igra Hugo Download up-to-date, are configurable Java Download Free for Java Download Free each individual "Favourite" entry.
See also:
Offline browsing known as "Offline favourites" was removed as a feature Java Download Free in the most recent version of Internet Explorer 7, which only now supports single Java Download Free web page saving, but not browsing or storing an entire Java Download Free site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, off-line Java Download Free storage is computer storage that is not "available for immediate use on demand by the system Java Download Free without human intervention", i.e it is storage that is off-line.
The Java Download Free ideas of "on-line" and "off-line" have been generalized from computing Java Download Free and telecommunication into the field of human interpersonal relationships. The Java Download Free distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what is considered "off-line" has become Java Download Free a subject of study in the field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen Java Download Free as the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. "On-line" is virtuality, and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real Java Download Free life or Java Download Free meatspace). Slater states that this distinction is "obviously far too simple". To support his argument that the distinctions in relationships are more complex than a Java Download Free simple "on-line"/"off-line" dichotomy, he observes that some people draw no distinction between an "on-line" relationship, such as Java Download Free indulging in cybersex, and an Java Download Free "off-line" relationship, such as being pen-pals. He also argues that even the Java Download Free telephone Java Download Free can be regarded Java Download Free as an "on-line" experience in Java Download Free some circumstances, and that Java Download Free the blurring of the Java Download Free distinctions between the uses of various technologies (such as PDA and mobile telephone, television and Internet, and telephone and voice-over-IP) has made it "impossible to Java Download Free use the term 'on-line' meaningfully in the sense that was employed by the first generation Java Download Free of Internet research".[7]
Slater asserts that there are legal Java Download Free and regulatory pressures to reduce the distinction Java Download Free between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general Java Download Free tendency to assimilate online to offline and erase the distinction", stressing, however, that this does not mean that on-line Java Download Free relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing Java Download Free out that contractual relationships, such as business transactions, Java Download Free on-line are already seen Java Download Free as just as "real" as their Java Download Free off-line counterparts), although he states it to be hard to imagine courts awarding palimony Java Download Free to people who have had a purely Java Download Free on-line Java Download Free sexual relationship. He Java Download Free also conjectures that an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may be seen by people as "rather quaint and not quite comprehensible" within 10 years.[7]
The distinction where "on-line" is seen Java Download Free as virtuality and "off-line" as reality is sometimes inverted, with "on-line" Java Download Free concepts being used to define and to explain "off-line" activities, rather than (as per the conventions of the desktop metaphor with its desktops, trash cans, folders, and so forth) the other way around. Several cartoons by The New Yorker have satirized Java Download Free this. One includes Saint Java Download Free Peter asking for a user name and a password before admitting a man into Heaven. Another illustrates "the off-line store" where "All items are Java Download Free actual size!", where shoppers may "Take it home as soon as you pay for it!", and where "Merchandise may be handled prior to purchase!". |
|
|
