A download manager is a computer program dedicated to the task of downloading (and sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from (and sometime to) Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download the Internet for storage. This is unlike a World Wide Web browser, which is mainly intended to browse web pages, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download composed of a multitude of smaller files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download failed or incomplete web page file rarely ruins the page.) The typical download Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download manager at a minimum provides means to recover from errors without losing the work already completed, and can optionally split the file to be downloaded (or Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download uploaded) into 2 or more segments, which are then Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download moved in parallel, potentially making the process faster within the limits of the available bandwidth. (A few servers are known to block moving files in parallel Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download segments, on the principle that server capacity should be shared equally Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download by Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download all users.) Multi-source is the name Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download given to files that are downloaded in parallel.
There are several things that some web browsers are not very good at. That's where the download managers enter the equation:
Pausing the downloading of large files.
Resuming Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download broken or paused downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download files on poor connections.
Downloading several files from a Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download site automatically according to simple Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download rules (file types, updated files, etc. Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download - see also Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive downloads (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic hang-up and shutdown).
Searching Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download for mirror Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download sites, and the handling of Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download different connections to download the same file more quickly Download Episode Free Simpsons (segmented downloading).
Download managers are useful for active Internet users. Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download For dial-up users, they Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download can automatically dial the internet service provider at night, when Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download rates or tariffs are usually lower, download the specified files, and hang-up. They can Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download record which links the user clicks on during the day, and queue these files for later download. For broadband users, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download download managers can help download very large files by resuming broken downloads, by limiting the bandwidth used, so that Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download other internet activities are not affected (slowed) and the server is not overloaded, or by automatically navigating a site and downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download MP3 collections, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download etc.) this can also include Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download automatically downloading whole sites and regularly Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download updating them (see Mirroring).
Many download managers support Metalink, an XML file listing mirrors, checksums, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download and other information useful for downloading.
See below for some examples of commonly used download managers. Some downloaders Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download are optimized for a certain function. For example, Offline Explorer is designed to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Go!Zilla, were among Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download the first adware applications displaying a banner Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download ad in the user interface.
Related to download managers are High School Musical Download Free two other Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download breeds of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download Gnutella) and stream recorders (such as StreamBox VCR).
While download managers are designed to give users greater control over Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download downloads, some downloaders are created to give that control to content distributors instead. Some software companies, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download for example Adobe Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download their own Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download site. Presumably this increases reliability and reduces tech support costs to them. A possible reason is increasing the control over redistribution of their Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download software (even when the software Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download is freeware).In computer technology and Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download telecommunication, on-line and off-line Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download are defined by Federal Standard 1037C. They Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download are states or conditions Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download of a "device or equipment" or of "a functional unit". Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download To be considered on-line, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download a device must be at least one of:
"Under Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download the direct control of another device"
"Under the direct control of the system with Emule Plus Download which it is associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand by the Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download system without human intervention"
"Connected to a system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not (e.g. it has "its main power source disconnected Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download or turned Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download off", and is "off-power").
One example of a common use of these concepts is a Mail User Agent that can be instructed to Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. One such MUA is Microsoft Outlook. When it is "on-line" it will attempt to connect to mail servers (to check for new mail at regular intervals, for example), Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download and when it is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The "on-line" or "off-line" state of the MUA does not necessarily reflect the connection status between the computer on Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download which it is running and Internet. The user may have the computer itself on-line, connected to Internet via a cable modem or an ADSL connection, but may wish for Outlook to be off-line, so that it makes no attempt to send or to Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download receive messages. Or the computer may be configured to employ a dial-up connection on demand (whenever an application such Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download as Outlook attempts to make connection Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download to a server), but the connection may be an expensive Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download telephone call from the Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download particular location in which Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download the computer currently Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download happens to be (such as a hotel room) and the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that call every 5 or 10 minutes to check for mail.[1]
Another example of the use of these concepts is in the world of digital audio technology. A tape recorder, digital editor, or other device that is "on-line" is one whose clock is under the control of the clock of Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download a "synchronization master" device. When the sync master commences playback, the "on-line" device automatically synchronizes itself to the master and commences playing from the same point in the recording. Whereas a device that is Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download "off-line" uses no external Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download clock reference and relies upon Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download its own internal clock. When Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download a large number of devices are connected Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download to a sync master, it is often convenient, if one wants to hear just Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download the output of one single device, to take it off-line, because if the device is played back on-line all synchronized devices have to locate the playback point and wait for each other to be in synchronization.[2] (For further Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download related discussion, see MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
A third Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download example of a common use of these concepts is a web browser that can be instructed Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download to be in Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download either "on-line" Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download or "off-line" states. The browser only attempts to fetch pages Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download from servers whilst in the "on-line" state. In the Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download "off-line" state, users can perform offline browsing, where pages can be browsed using local copies Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download of those pages that have previously Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download been downloaded whilst in the "on-line" state. This can be useful when the computer itself is also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or impossible. The pages are either downloaded implicitly into the web browser's Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download own cache, as a result of prior on-line browsing by the user, or explicitly by the browser being configured to keep local copies of Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download certain web pages, which it keeps updated when the browser is in the on-line state, either by checking that the local copies are up-to-date at regular intervals or by checking that the Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download local copies are up-to-date whenever the browser is switched to the on-line Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download state. One such web browser capable of being explicitly configured to download pages for Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download offline browsing is Internet Explorer. When pages are Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download added to the "Favourites" list, they Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download can Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download be marked for being made "available for offline browsing". Internet Explorer will download to local copies both the marked Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download page Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download and, optionally, all of the pages that it Picasa Download links to. In Internet Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download Explorer version 6, the level of direct and indirect links, the maximum amount of Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download local disc space allowed to be Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download consumed, and the schedule Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download on which local copies are checked to see whether they are up-to-date, are configurable for each individual Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download "Favourite" entry.
See also:
Offline browsing known as "Offline Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download favourites" Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download was removed as a feature in the most Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download recent version of Internet Explorer 7, Download Full Free Linux which only now supports single web page saving, but not browsing or storing an entire site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, off-line Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download storage Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download is computer storage that is not "available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention", i.e it is storage that is off-line.
The Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download ideas of "on-line" and Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download "off-line" have been generalized from computing and telecommunication into the field of human interpersonal relationships. The distinction between what is considered Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download "on-line" and what is considered "off-line" has become a subject of study Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download in the field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen as Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download "On-line" is virtuality, and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real life or meatspace). Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download Slater states that this distinction is "obviously far too Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download simple". To support his argument Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download that the distinctions in relationships are more Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download complex Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download than Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download a simple "on-line"/"off-line" Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download dichotomy, he observes that some people draw Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download no distinction between Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download an "on-line" relationship, such as indulging in cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, such as being Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download pen-pals. He also argues that even the telephone can be regarded as Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download an "on-line" experience in some circumstances, and that the blurring of the Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download distinctions between the uses of various technologies (such as PDA and Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download mobile telephone, television and Internet, and telephone and voice-over-IP) Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download has made it "impossible to use the term 'on-line' meaningfully in the sense Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download that was employed by Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download the first generation of Internet research".[7]
Slater asserts that there are legal and regulatory pressures to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general tendency to assimilate online to offline and erase the distinction", stressing, however, that this does not mean that on-line relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download greater Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download legal Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing out that contractual relationships, such as business transactions, on-line are already seen as just as "real" as their off-line counterparts), although he states it to be hard to imagine courts awarding palimony to people who Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download have had a purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures that Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may be seen by people as "rather quaint and not quite comprehensible" within Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download 10 years.[7]
The distinction Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download where "on-line" is seen as virtuality and "off-line" as reality is sometimes inverted, with Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download "on-line" concepts being used to define and to explain "off-line" activities, rather Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download than (as per the conventions Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download of the desktop metaphor with its desktops, trash cans, Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download Download Internet folders, and so forth) the other way Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download around. Several cartoons by The New Yorker have satirized this. One includes Saint Peter asking for a user name and a password before Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download admitting a man into Heaven. Another illustrates "the off-line store" Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download where "All Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download items are actual size!", Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download where shoppers Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download may "Take it home as Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download soon Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download as you pay for it!", and where "Merchandise Building Construction Excel Spreadsheet Download may be handled prior to purchase!". |
|
|
