An employer is a person or institution that hires employees or workers. Employers offer Nn Nude Pt wages or a salary to the workers in exchange for the worker's labor power, Nn Nude Pt depending upon whether the employee is paid by the hour or a Michelle Burke Nude set rate Nn Nude Pt per Nn Nude Pt pay period. A salaried employee is typically not Whitney Houston Nude paid more for more hours worked than the minimum, whereas wages are paid for all hours worked, including overtime.
Employers include everything Tennis Nude from individuals hiring a babysitter to governments and Nn Nude Pt businesses Nn Nude Pt which may hire many Nn Nude Pt thousands of Nn Nude Pt employees. In most western societies governments are the largest single employers, but most of the work force is employed in Nn Nude Pt small and medium businesses Nn Nude Pt in the private sector.
Note that although employees may contribute to the evolution of an an enterprise, the employer maintains autonomous control over Nn Nude Pt the productive Nn Nude Pt base of land and capital, and is the entity named in contracts. The employer typically also maintains ownership of Nn Nude Pt intellectual property created by an Nn Nude Pt employee within the scope of employment and as a function thereof. These are known as "works for hire".
An employers� Nn Nude Pt relative level of power over employees is dependent upon numerous factors; the most influential being the nature of the employment relationship. The relationship employers share with employees is affected by three significant factors � interests, control and motivation. It is up to employers to effectively manage and balance these factors to ensure a harmonious and productive working relationship.
The balance of Nn Nude Pt economic efficiency and social equity is the ultimate Nn Nude Pt debate in the field of employment relations. By meeting the needs Nn Nude Pt of the employer; generating profits to establish and maintain economic efficiency; whilst maintaining a Nn Nude Pt balance with the employee and creating social Kate Beckinsale Nude Naked equity that benefits the worker so Nn Nude Pt that he/she can fund and enjoy healthy living; proves to be Nn Nude Pt a Nn Nude Pt continuous revolving issue in westernised societies.
Globalisation has effected these issues by creating certain economic factors that disallow or allow various employment issues. Economist Edward Nn Nude Pt Lee (1996) studies Nn Nude Pt the effects of globalisation and summarizes the four Nn Nude Pt major points of concern that effect Nn Nude Pt employment relations: (1) International competition, from the newly industrialized countries, will cause unemployment growth Nn Nude Pt and increased wage disparity for unskilled workers in industrialized countries. Imports from low-wage countries exert pressure on the manufacturing sector in industrialized countries and Nn Nude Pt foreign direct investment (FDI) is Nn Nude Pt attracted Nn Nude Pt away from the industrialized nations, towards low-waged countries. (2) Economic liberalization will result in Nn Nude Pt unemployment and wage inequality in developing Nn Nude Pt countries. Nude Babe Picture Free This happens as job losses in un-competitive industries outstrip job opportunities in new industries. Workers Nude Men Movies will be forced to accept worsening wages and conditions, as a global labour market results in a �race to the bottom�. Increased Nn Nude Pt international competition creates a pressure Nn Nude Pt to reduce the Nn Nude Pt Compleatly Free Nude Desktop Striper wages and conditions of workers. Globalization reduces the autonomy of the nation state. Capital is increasingly mobile and the ability of the state to regulate economic activity is reduced.
What also result�s to Lee�s (1996) Nn Nude Pt findings Nn Nude Pt is that in industrialized countries an average of almost 70 per cent of workers are employed in the service sector, most of Chloe O Brian Fake Nude which consists of non-tradable activities. As a result workers are either forced to become more skilled Nn Nude Pt an develop sought after trades Nn Nude Pt or become of this sector. Ultimately this is a result of changes and trends of employment, an evolving workforce and globalisation that is represented by a more skilled and increasing highly diverse labour force, that are growing in non standard forms of Nn Nude Pt employment
Interests Nn Nude Pt can be Nn Nude Pt best described Nn Nude Pt as monetary constraints and economic pressures placed on organizations in their pursuit of profits. It covers Nn Nude Pt facets such as Nn Nude Pt labour productivity, Nn Nude Pt wages and the effect of financial markets on businesses.
Wood et al (2004, p 355) describe control can as being either output focused, focusing on desired targets with within Nn Nude Pt managers defining, and Nn Nude Pt using, their own methods for Nn Nude Pt reaching targets, or process controls, which specify the manner in which Free Nude Adult Models Pix Wmv tasks will be achieved (Ibid, p. 357). Employer and managerial control within an Nn Nude Pt organization rests at many levels and has Nn Nude Pt important implications for staff and productivity alike, with control Nn Nude Pt forming the fundamental link Nn Nude Pt between desired outcomes and actual processes. Thus Nn Nude Pt employers must balance interests such as decreasing wage constraints with a maximization of labour productivity in order to achieve a prolific employment relationship.
Motivation is the third and most difficult of the factors in the employment relationship Nn Nude Pt Nude Pictures Kim Smith for Nn Nude Pt employers to effectively manage. Employee motivation can often be in direct conflict with control Nn Nude Pt mechanisms Nn Nude Pt of employers, and can be broadly defined as that which energizes, directs and sustains human behaviour ( Stone, 2005, p 412). Dubin (1958, p 213) further elaborates on this, noting motivation Nn Nude Pt as Nn Nude Pt �something that moves a person to action, and continues him in Nn Nude Pt the course of action already initiated.�
The employment relationship is Nn Nude Pt thus a difficult challenge for employers to manage, as all three facets are often in Nn Nude Pt direct Nn Nude Pt competition Illegal Young Nude with each other, with interests, control and motivation often clashing Nn Nude Pt in the Nn Nude Pt equally important quest for individual employee autonomy ,employer command Nn Nude Pt and ultimate profits. |
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